Reduction catalyst and chemical reactor

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016076158-A1
Application number	US-201514953182-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Nov 27, 2015
Priority date	May 29, 2013
Publication date	Mar 17, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a reduction catalyst includes a charge collector having a metal layer on a surface; and a modified organic molecule bound to a surface of the metal layer and containing a quaternary nitrogen cation.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A reduction catalyst comprising:
a charge collector having a metal layer on a surface; and a modified organic molecule bound to a surface of the metal layer and containing a quaternary nitrogen cation.

2 . The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary nitrogen cation contains one of alkylammonium cation, pyridinium cation, piperidinium cation, and imidazolium cation.

3 . The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the metal layer includes metal fine particles.

4 . The reduction catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the metal fine particle includes one of gold, silver, platinum, copper, and zinc.

5 . The reduction catalyst of claim 3 , wherein an average particle diameter of the metal fine particles is not less than 0.5 nm and not more than 300 nm.

6 . The reduction catalyst of claim 3 , wherein an average particle diameter of the metal fine particles is not less than 1.0 nm and not more than 150 nm.

7 . A reduction catalyst comprising:
a charge collector having a layer on a surface; an organic molecular layer bound to a surface of the layer; and a metal fine particle bound to a surface of the organic molecular layer.

8 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , further comprising a modified organic molecule bound to a surface of the metal fine particle and containing a quaternary nitrogen cation.

9 . The reduction catalyst of claim 8 , wherein the quaternary nitrogen cation contains one of alkylammonium cation, pyridinium cation, piperidinium cation, and imidazolium cation.

10 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the metal fine particle includes one of gold, silver, platinum, copper, and zinc.

11 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein an average particle diameter of the metal fine particles is not less than 0.5 nm and not more than 300 nm.

12 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein a particle diameter of the metal fine particle is not less than 1.0 nm and not more than 150 nm.

13 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the organic molecular layer has a portion bound to the layer and a portion bound to the metal fine particle.

14 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein the layer is one of a metal layer and an oxide layer.

15 . The reduction catalyst of claim 14 , wherein the oxide layer contains one or more of TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 .

16 . A chemical reactor comprising:
an oxidation catalyst layer which oxidizes water; a first reduction catalyst layer which comprises a charge collector comprising a metal layer formed on a surface thereof and a modified organic molecule bound to a surface of the metal layer and containing a quaternary nitrogen cation; and a power supply element connected to the oxidation catalyst layer and the first reduction catalyst layer.

17 . The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein the power supply element comprises a semiconductor layer that separates charges with light energy.

18 . The chemical reactor of claim 17 , wherein the semiconductor layer is formed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the first reduction catalyst layer.

19 . The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein the quaternary nitrogen cation contains one of alkylammonium cation, pyridinium cation, piperidinium cation, and imidazolium cation.

20 . The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein the metal layer includes metal fine particles.

21 . The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound, at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde is reduced.

22 . The reduction catalyst of claim 21 , wherein in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound, methanol is produced.

23 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein in the metal fine particle, at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde is reduced.

24 . The reduction catalyst of claim 23 , wherein in the metal fine particle, methanol is produced.

25 . The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein the first reduction catalyst layer is immersed in a solution absorbed with at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde, and in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound, at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde is reduced.

26 . The chemical reactor of claim 25 , wherein in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound, methanol is produced.

27 . The chemical reactor of claim 26 , wherein at least one of formic acid and formaldehyde reduced in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound is produced by an electrolytic apparatus comprising a second reduction catalyst layer in which at least one of carbon dioxide and formic acid is reduced.

28 . The photochemical reactor of claim 27 , wherein the second reduction catalyst layer includes at least one of a metal catalyst, an organic metal complex catalyst, and a boron-doped diamond catalyst.

29 . The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein a molecular density of the modified organic molecule is not less than 1×10 13 atoms/cm 2 .

30 . The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein a molecular density of the modified organic molecule is not more than 1×10 11 atoms/cm 2 .

31 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein a molecular density of the organic molecular layer is not less than 1×10 13 atoms/cm 2 .

32 . The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein a molecular density of the organic molecular layer is not more than 1×10 11 atoms/cm 2 .

33 . The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein the first reduction catalyst layer is immersed in a solution absorbed with carbon dioxide, a molecular density of the modified organic molecule is not less than 1×10 13 atoms/cm 2 , and in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound, carbon dioxide is reduced to produce acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and ethanol.

34 . The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein the first reduction catalyst layer is immersed in a solution absorbed with carbon dioxide, a molecular density of the modified organic molecule is not more than 1×10 11 atoms/cm 2 , and in the metal layer to which the modified organic molecule is bound, carbon dioxide is reduced to produce formic acid, formaldehyde, and methanol.

Assignees

• Toshiba Kk

Inventors

• Tamura Jun
• Mikoshiba Satoshi
• Ono Akihiko
• Huang Chingchun
• Kudo Yuki
• Kitagawa Ryota
• Tsutsumi Eishi
• Sugano Yoshitsune

Classifications

• C25B1/003

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• C25B11/0489 Primary

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• H01G9/20

  Light-sensitive devices · CPC title

• C25B3/04

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• B01J31/0244

  with nitrogen contained as ring member in aromatic compounds or moieties, e.g. pyridine · CPC title