Materials with Atomically Dispersed Chemical Moieties

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2018044805-A1
Application number	US-201615551563-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 16, 2016
Priority date	Feb 16, 2015
Publication date	Feb 15, 2018
Grant date	—

Abstract

Synthetic materials that are useful as heterogeneous catalysts or electrocatalysts. The materials can be used to catalyze oxidation and/or reduction reactions and/or oxygen/hydrogen evolution/oxydation reactions.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A method for chemical and electrochemical conversion and transformation of a chemicals, molecules, or compounds by supplying carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), water, oxygen, hydrogen, an oxyfuels or organic/inorganic molecules to a reactor comprising a metal-heteroatom-carbon (M-X-C) catalyst under electrocatalytic or chemical catalytic conditions at which the catalyst catalyzes/promotes an oxidation, reduction, conversion reaction, an oxygen reduction or evolution reaction, a hydrogen oxidation or evolution reaction, or electrolysis.

2 . The method of claim 1 wherein the M-X-C catalyst is a morphologically designed porous, self-supported solid-phase material comprising atomically dispersed transition metal moieties coordinated with heteroatomic moieties or heteroatomic and carbon moieties.

3 . The method of claim 1 wherein the oxyfuel is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, oxalate, formate, formic acid, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, pyruvate, ethylene glycol, malate, tartrate and the like.

4 . The method of claim 1 wherein the chemical or compound is CO2 or CO, N 2 O and the catalyzed reaction is a reduction reaction.

5 . The method of claim 1 wherein the chemical or compound is an oxyfuel and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

6 . The method of claim 1 wherein the chemical or compound is an organic airborne contaminant and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

7 . The method of claim 1 wherein the chemical or compound is an organic wastewater contaminant and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

8 . The method of claim 1 wherein the chemical or compound is an organic agricultural feedstock bio-component and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

9 . The method of claim 4 wherein M-X-C catalyst is formed from precursors of 4-Aminoantipyrine and a metal.

10 . The method of claim 4 wherein M-X-C catalyst is formed from precursors of nicarbazin, carbendazim, diaminoantipiryne, phenanthroline, imidazole and a transition metal.

11 . The method of claim 1 wherein the metal is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ce, Cr, Cu, Co, Mo, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt, Ir, Os, Ag, Au, Nb, Ta, Ti, V, W, Mn, Zn, Sn, Sb, and Zr.

12 . The method of claim 11 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Co, Ni Cr or Cu.

13 . The method of claim 1 wherein the M-X-C catalysts comprises a multi-metal active site, wherein the multi-metal active site comprises more than one type of metal moiety.

14 . The method of claim 13 wherein the the more than one type of metal moiety is selected from the groups consisting of: Co and Cu; Co and Mn; Co and Ni; Fe and Co; Fe and Cr; Fe and Cu; Fe and Ni; Fe, Co and Cr; Fe, Co, and Mn; Fe, Co, and Ni; Fe, Cr, and Cu; and Fe, Cr, and Mn.

15 . A system for redox reactions, oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, hydrogen oxidation and evolution reactions or electrolysis comprising:
a fuel in a liquid or gas phase; a porous, self-supported solid phase M-X-C catalyst a delivery mechanism for delivering the fuel to the M-X-C catalyst.

16 . The system of claim 15 wherein the M-X-C catalyst comprises atomically dispersed metal moieties coordinated with heteroatomic moieties or heteroatomic and carbon moieties.

17 . The system of claim 15 wherein the oxyfuel is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, oxalate, formate, formic acid, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, pyruvate, ethylene glycol, malate, tartrate and the like.

18 . The system of claim 15 wherein the chemical or compound is CO 2 , CO, or N 2 O and the catalyzed reaction is a reduction reaction.

19 . The system of claim 15 wherein the chemical or compound is an oxyfuel and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

20 . The method of claim 15 wherein the chemical or compound is an organic airborne contaminant and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

21 . The method of claim 15 wherein the chemical or compound is an organic wastewater contaminant and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

22 . The method of claim 15 wherein the chemical or compound is an organic agricultural feedstock bio-component and the reaction is an oxidation or reduction reaction.

23 . The system of claim 15 wherein M-X-C catalyst is formed from precursors of 4-Aminoantipyrine and a transition metal.

24 . The method of claim 15 wherein M-X-C catalyst is formed from precursors of nicarbazin, carbendazim, diaminoantipiryne, phenanthroline, imidazole and a transition metal.

25 . The method of claim 15 wherein the metal is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ce, Cr, Cu, Co, Mo, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt, Ir, Os, Ag, Au, Nb, Ta, Ti, V, W, Mn, Zn, Sn, Sb, and Zr.

26 . The method of claim 25 wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Co, Ni Cr or Cu.

27 . The method of claim 15 wherein the M-X-C catalysts comprises a multi-metal active site, wherein the multi-metal active site comprises more than one type of metal moiety.

28 . The method of claim 27 wherein the more than one type of metal moiety is selected from the groups consisting of: Co and Cu; Co and Mn; Co and Ni; Fe and Co; Fe and Cr; Fe and Cu; Fe and Ni; Fe, Co and Cr; Fe, Co, and Mn; Fe, Co, and Ni; Fe, Cr, and Cu; and Fe, Cr, and Mn.

Assignees

• Serov Alexey
• Atanassov Plamen
• Stc Unm

Inventors

• Serov Alexey
• Atanassov Plamen

Classifications

• C25B1/04

  by electrolysis of water · CPC title

• C02F1/4676

  by electroreduction · CPC title

• C02F1/46109

  Electrodes · CPC title

• B01J31/12

  containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides · CPC title

• B01J2219/0875

  Gas · CPC title