Conversion of Metal Carbonate into Metal Chloride

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017001875-A1
Application number	US-201515119015-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 9, 2015
Priority date	Feb 13, 2014
Publication date	Jan 5, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A method for producing metal chloride M x+ Clx− includes reacting metal carbonate in solid form using phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to form metal chloride M x+ Clx−, wherein the metal M is selected from the group containing alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, or Li, for example, and x corresponds to the valency of the metal cations. An apparatus for performing such method is also disclosed.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A method for producing metal chloride M x+ Cl x − , the method comprising:
providing phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene, reacting metal carbonate as solid with the phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to produce metal chloride M x+ Cl x − , wherein the metal M is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, and Li, and wherein x indicates the valence of the metal cation.

2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding M as an additional reactant.

3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein at least one of:
the metal M is used together with the metal carbonate, or phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene is prepared in situ by reaction of chlorine with carbon monoxide.

4 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising subsequently reacting the metal chloride to produce metal M.

5 . The method of claim 4 , further comprising reacting the produced metal M at least partly with carbon dioxide to produce metal carbonate, to thereby form a metal circuit.

6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction is performed in a grid reactor or a mechanically moved fixed-bed reactor or in a cyclone reactor.

7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene is prepared by the reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine.

8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the carbon monoxide is produced by a reaction of metal carbonate with the metal M and/or from an electrolysis of carbon dioxide.

9 . An apparatus for reacting metal carbonate as solid with phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to produce metal chloride M x+ Cl x − , wherein the metal M is selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, and Li, and wherein x indicates the valence of the metal cation, the apparatus comprising:
a first reactor for the reaction of metal carbonate and phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene; a first supply device configured to introduce metal carbonate as solid into the first reactor; a second supply device configured to introduce phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene into the first reactor; a first discharge device configured to remove metal chloride from the first reactor; and a second discharge device configured to remove gaseous products of the reaction of metal carbonate and phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene from the first reactor.

10 . The apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising a third supply device configured to introduce metal M into the first reactor.

11 . An apparatus for reacting metal carbonate as solid with phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene to produce metal chloride M x+ Cl x − , the metal M being selected from the group consisting of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Al and Zn, Li and Mg, and Li, and x indicating the valence of the metal cation, and wherein metal M is additionally added as reactant, the apparatus comprising
a first reactor for the reaction of metal carbonate and phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene; a first supply device configured to introduce metal carbonate as solid into the first reactor; a seventh supply device configured to introduce chlorine into the first reactor; a first discharge device configured to remove metal chloride from the first reactor; at least one eighth supply device configured to introduce carbon monoxide and/or phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene into the first reactor; and a second discharge device configured to remove gaseous products of the reaction of metal carbonate and phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene from the first reactor, and a third supply device configured to introduce metal M into the first reactor.

12 . The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the first reactor for the reaction of metal carbonate and the chlorinating agent is a grid reactor or a mechanically moved fixed-bed reactor or a cyclone reactor.

13 . The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the supply of metal M and metal carbonate into the first reactor is performed via a common opening in the first reactor.

14 . The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising:
an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze metal chloride to produce metal M and chlorine; a fourth supply device connected to the first discharge device and configured to supply the metal chloride to the electrolysis device; a third discharge device configured to remove metal M from the electrolysis device; and a fourth discharge device configured to remove chlorine from the electrolysis device.

15 . The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising
a second reactor for the reaction of metal M with carbon dioxide to produce metal carbonate, designed to react metal M with carbon dioxide; a fifth supply device configured to supply metal M to a second reactor; a sixth supply device configured to supply carbon dioxide to the second reactor; a fifth discharge device connected to the first supply device and configured to remove metal carbonate from the second reactor; and at least one sixth discharge device configured to discharge the further products of the reaction of metal M and carbon dioxide from the second reactor.

16 . The apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising an electrolysis device configured to electrolyze metal chloride to produce metal M and chlorine;
a fourth supply device connected to the first discharge device and configured to supply the metal chloride to the electrolysis device; a third discharge device configured to remove metal M from the electrolysis device; a fourth discharge device configured to remove chlorine from the electrolysis device; a second reactor device configured to react metal M with carbon dioxide; a fifth supply device configured to supply metal M to the second reactor; a sixth supply device configured to supply carbon dioxide to the second reactor; a fifth discharge device connected to the first supply device and configured to remove metal carbonate from the second reactor; and at least one sixth discharge device configured to discharge the further products of the reaction of metal M and carbon dioxide from the second reactor; wherein the third discharge device is connected to the fifth supply device.

17 . The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the third discharge device is connected to the third supply device.

18 . The apparatus of claim 9 , further comprising a second electrolysis device configured to electrolyze carbon dioxide;
a ninth discharge device configured to discharge carbon monoxide from the second electrolysis device; a tenth supply device configured to supply carbon dioxide to the second electrolysis device; a tenth discharge device configured to discharge oxygen from the second electrolysis device; a third reactor configured to react chlorine and carbon monoxide to produce phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene and connect it to the second supply device for phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene; and a ninth supply device connected to the ninth discharge device and configured to supply carbon monoxide to the first reactor for the reaction of metal carbonate and phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene or to the third reactor for the reaction of chlorine and carbon monoxide.

Assignees

• Siemens Ag

Inventors

• Schmid Guenter
• Taroata Dan
• Krause Ralf

Classifications

• C22B26/12

  Obtaining lithium · CPC title

• B01J8/085

  Feeding reactive fluids (for solid material, see B01J8/0015) · CPC title

• B01J2208/02

  with stationary particles · CPC title

• B01J2208/00752

  Feeding · CPC title

• B01J8/0015

  Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor · CPC title