Analyte sensors employing multiple enzymes and methods associated therewith

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12575769-B2
Application number	US-202418596447-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 5, 2024
Priority date	Jan 28, 2019
Publication date	Mar 17, 2026
Grant date	Mar 17, 2026

Abstract

Multiple enzymes may be present in the active area(s) of an electrochemical sensor to facilitate analysis of one or more analytes. The multiple enzymes may function independently to detect several analytes or in concert to detect a single analyte. One sensor configuration includes a first active area and a second active area, where the first active area has an oxidation-reduction potential that is sufficiently separated from the oxidation-reduction potential of the second active area to allow independent signal production. Some sensor configurations may have an active area overcoated with a multi-component membrane containing two or more different membrane polymers. Sensor configurations having multiple enzymes capable of interacting in concert include those in which a first enzyme converts an analyte into a first product and a second enzyme converts the first product into a second product, thereby generating a signal at a working electrode that is proportional to the analyte concentration.

First claim

What is claimed is the following:

1 . An analyte sensor comprising:
a) a working electrode; b) a first active area isolated from the working electrode, the first active area comprising a first enzyme capable of converting ethanol to acetaldehyde upon exposure to ethanol; c) a second active area disposed upon a surface of the working electrode, the second active area comprising a second enzyme capable of reacting with acetaldehyde to generate a signal at the working electrode proportional to an ethanol concentration; and d) a first membrane permeable to acetaldehyde disposed upon the second active area.

2 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , further comprising a second membrane permeable to glucose and alcohol.

3 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second membrane is disposed over the first active area.

4 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second enzyme is xanthine oxidase.

5 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second active area further comprises an electron transfer agent.

6 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first enzyme is glucose oxidase.

7 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first active area further comprises catalase.

8 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the second active area further includes catalase.

9 . The analyte sensor of claim 2 , wherein the first membrane is disposed directly upon the second active area, the first active area is disposed directly upon the first membrane, and the second membrane is disposed directly upon the first active area.

10 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first active area is stacked vertically on top of the second active area separated by the first membrane.

11 . The analyte sensor of claim 1 , wherein the first membrane is a crosslinked polyvinylpyridine homopolymer or copolymer.

12 . The analyte sensor of claim 2 , wherein the second membrane is a crosslinked polyvinylpyridine-co-styrene polymer.

13 . The analyte sensor of claim 6 , wherein the first active area comprises a first polymer.

14 . The analyte sensor of claim 13 , wherein the glucose oxidase is covalently bonded to the first polymer.

15 . The analyte sensor of claim 4 , wherein the second active area comprises a second polymer.

16 . The analyte sensor of claim 15 , wherein the xanthine oxidase is covalently bonded to the second polymer.

17 . The analyte sensor of claim 5 , wherein the electron transfer agent is covalently bonded to the second polymer.

18 . A method of assaying alcohol comprising:
i. exposing the analyte sensor of claim 1 to a fluid; ii. applying a potential to the working electrode to generate a signal proportional to a concentration of ethanol in the fluid at the working electrode; and iii determining, based on the signal generated, the concentration of ethanol in the fluid.

Assignees

• Abbott Diabetes Care Inc

Inventors

• Oja Stephen
• Ouyang Tianmei
• Cho Hyun
• Feldman Benjamin J
• Kiaie Namvar

Classifications

• G01N27/3271

  Amperometric enzyme electrodes for analytes in body fluids, e.g. glucose in blood (amperometry per se G01N27/49; aspects concerning the enzyme reagent C12Q1/001) · CPC title

• G01N2333/9029

  acting on -CH2- groups (1.17) · CPC title

• G01N2333/908

  acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11) · CPC title

• C12Q1/002

  Electrode membranes · CPC title

• G01N2333/904

  acting on CHOH groups as donors, e.g. glucose oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase (1.1) · CPC title