Method and circuit for detecting an arc fault

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11146058-B2
Application number	US-201916509652-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 12, 2019
Priority date	Jul 13, 2018
Publication date	Oct 12, 2021
Grant date	Oct 12, 2021

Abstract

A method and circuit for determining and extinguishing electrical faults includes a power supply, and electrical load, a controller module, and electrical sensors, and when the controller module does not extinguish the electrical fault, another switch blows a fuse.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method of detecting a fault in a circuit, the method comprising:
sensing a power characteristic at a switch output;
receiving, at a controller module, the sensed power characteristic;
determining, in the controller module, a presence of a fault in the circuit;
generating a first control signal to open the switch;
determining, in the controller module, whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring;
if the fault is still occurring, generating a second control signal to close an active pull down switch; and
in response to generating the second control signal, closing the active pull down switch to complete a conductive pathway from a power source, through the switch and the active pull down switch, to an electrical ground.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein determining the presence of a fault in the circuit includes determining the presence of a fault downstream of a solid state power controller or a conductor.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the conductor is a power cable having a conductive shielding.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the sensing the power characteristic at the switch output includes sensing a voltage of the conductive shielding.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein determining whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring includes determining that a power supply is still being supplied to the switch output.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein determining whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring includes determining that at least one of the switches has failed or that the switch has not opened.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductive pathway includes a fuse, and wherein in response to the completed conductive pathway through the fuse, the fuse disables delivery of power through the switch.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring further includes determining whether the fault in the circuit is still occurring after an expiration of a delay timer.

9. A method of detecting a fault in a circuit, the method comprising:
comparing, in a comparator module, a sensed power characteristic with a threshold value representative of an occurrence of a fault in the circuit;
determining, by the comparator module, a fault is present based on the comparing;
generating a first control signal to open a power switch to disable supplying power upstream of the fault; and
upon a failure to open the power switch to disable supplying power upstream of the fault, generating a second control signal to close an active pull down switch to redirect supplying power to an electrical ground.

10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising determining whether an opening of the power switch has failed.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein determining whether the opening of the power switch has failed includes determining whether the fault is still present after an expiration of a delay timer.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein the power switch is a solid state power controller and wherein generating the first control signal includes determining, by a controller module of the solid state power controller, the first control signal to open the power switch.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein determining whether the opening of the power switch has failed includes determining whether the controller module has failed.

14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising, upon failure of the controller module, generating, by the comparator module, the second control signal to close an active pull down switch.

15. The method of claim 9 wherein redirecting supplying power from the fault to the electrical ground disables the circuit by blowing a fuse.

16. A circuit, comprising:
a power switch operable to supply power from a power source to an electrical load;
a sensor configured to sense an electrical characteristic of the circuit;
a controller module communicatively connected with the power switch and the sensor, and configured to control a supplying of power from the source to the electrical load, to receive the sensed electrical characteristic of the circuit, and to controllably cease the supplying of power from the power source to the electrical load, by the power switch, in response to determining the received sensed electrical characteristic is indicative of a presence of a fault; and
a comparator module communicatively connected with the sensor and configured to receive the sensed electrical characteristic of the circuit, and upon failure of the controller module to controllably cease the supplying of power from the source to the electrical load by the power switch, operably control an active pull down switch to redirect the supplying power from the power source to an electrical ground.

17. The circuit of claim 16 wherein the power switch and the active pull down switch are arranged in series between the power source and the electrical ground.

18. The circuit of claim 17 , further comprising a fuse in series with the power switch and the active pull down switch, and wherein the comparator module is further configured to redirect the supplying power from the power source to the electrical ground to blow the fuse to cease the supplying of power from the power source.

19. The circuit of claim 16 wherein failure of the controller module to controllably cease the supplying of power from the source to the electrical load by the power switch includes failure of the controller module or failure of the power switch to open the circuit between the power source and the electrical load.

Assignees

• Ge Aviat Systems Ltd

Inventors

• Collins John Oliver
• Compton Russell Mark

Classifications

• G01R31/1272

  of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements (locating faults in cables G01R31/083) · CPC title

• H02H3/023

  by short-circuiting · CPC title

• H02H7/263

  involving transmissions of measured values (comparison of currents or voltages using pilot wires H02H3/30) · CPC title

• H02H7/262 Primary

  involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders · CPC title

• H01H1/0015

  Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator (measuring circuits G01R31/3274) · CPC title