Reduction catalyst and chemical reactor

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10196748-B2
Application number	US-201514953182-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 27, 2015
Priority date	May 29, 2013
Publication date	Feb 5, 2019
Grant date	Feb 5, 2019

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a reduction catalyst includes a charge collector having a metal layer on a surface; and a modified organic molecule bound to a surface of the metal layer and containing a quaternary nitrogen cation.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A reduction catalyst comprising:
a charge collector having a metal layer on a surface thereof; and
an organic molecule comprising a reactive functional group and a quaternary nitrogen cation and bound to a surface of the metal layer by the reactive functional group.

2. The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the quaternary nitrogen cation comprises one of alkylammonium cation, pyridinium cation, piperidinium cation, and imidazolium cation.

3. The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the metal layer comprises metal fine particles.

4. The reduction catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the metal fine particle comprises one of gold, silver, platinum, copper, and zinc.

5. The reduction catalyst of claim 3 , wherein an average particle diameter of the metal fine particles is not less than 0.5 nm and not more than 300 nm.

6. The reduction catalyst of claim 3 , wherein an average particle diameter of the metal fine particles is not less than 1.0 nm and not more than 150 nm.

7. The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein in the metal layer to which the organic molecule is bound, at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde is reduced.

8. The reduction catalyst of claim 7 , wherein in the metal layer to which the organic molecule is bound, methanol is produced.

9. The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein a molecular density of the organic molecule is not less than 1×10 13 atmos/cm 2 .

10. The reduction catalyst of claim 1 , wherein a molecular density of the organic molecule is not more than 1×10 11 atmos/cm 2 .

11. A chemical reactor comprising:
an oxidation catalyst layer which oxidizes water;
a first reduction catalyst layer which comprises a charge collector comprising a metal layer formed on a surface thereof and an organic molecule, the organic molecule comprising a reactive functional group and a quaternary nitrogen cation and bound to a surface of the metal layer by the reactional functional group; and
a power supply element connected to the oxidation catalyst layer and the first reduction catalyst layer.

12. The chemical reactor of claim 11 , wherein the power supply element comprises a semiconductor layer that separates charges with light energy.

13. The chemical reactor of claim 12 , wherein the semiconductor layer is formed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the first reduction catalyst layer.

14. The chemical reactor of claim 11 , wherein the quaternary nitrogen cation comprises one of alkylammonium cation, pyridinium cation, piperidinium cation, and imidazolium cation.

15. The chemical reactor of claim 11 , wherein the metal layer comprises metal fine particles.

16. The chemical reactor of claim 11 , wherein the first reduction catalyst layer is immersed in a solution absorbed with at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde, and in the metal layer to which the organic molecule is bound, at least one of carbon dioxide, formic acid, and formaldehyde is reduced.

17. The chemical reactor of claim 16 , wherein at least one of formic acid and formaldehyde reduced in the metal layer to which the organic molecule is bound is produced by an electrolytic apparatus comprising a second reduction catalyst layer in which at least one of carbon dioxide and formic acid is reduced.

18. The photochemical reactor of claim 17 , wherein the second reduction catalyst layer comprises at least one of a metal catalyst, an organic metal complex catalyst, and a boron-doped diamond catalyst.

19. The chemical reactor of claim 11 , wherein the first reduction catalyst layer is immersed in a solution absorbed with carbon dioxide, a molecular density of the organic molecule is not less than 1×10 13 atmos/cm 2 , and in the metal layer to which the organic molecule is bound, carbon dioxide is reduced to produce acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and ethanol.

20. The chemical reactor of claim 11 , wherein the first reduction catalyst layer is immersed in a solution absorbed with carbon dioxide, a molecular density of the organic molecule is not more than 1×10 11 atmos/cm 2 , and in the metal layer to which the organic molecule is bound, carbon dioxide is reduced to produce formic acid, formaldehyde, and methanol.

Assignees

• Toshiba Kk

Inventors

• Tamura Jun
• Mikoshiba Satoshi
• Ono Akihiko
• Huang Chingchun
• Kudo Yuki
• Kitagawa Ryota
• Tsutsumi Eishi
• Sugano Yoshitsune

Classifications

• C25B1/003

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• B01J31/0244

  with nitrogen contained as ring member in aromatic compounds or moieties, e.g. pyridine · CPC title

• H01G9/20

  Light-sensitive devices · CPC title

• C25B9/08

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• C25B3/04

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic