Compositions comprising 1,1-difluoroethene (R-1132A)

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9835365-B2
Application number	US-201414908326-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 29, 2014
Priority date	Jul 30, 2013
Publication date	Dec 5, 2017
Grant date	Dec 5, 2017

Abstract

The invention provides a composition comprising 1,1-difluoroethene (R-1132a); a second component selected from the group consisting of hexafluoroethane (R-116), ethane (R-170) and mixtures thereof; and, optionally carbon dioxide (CO 2 , R-744).

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A composition comprising:
(i) from about 10 to about 99% by weight of 1,1-difluoroethene (R-1132a);
(ii) a second component, comprising from about 1 to about 90% by weight hexafluoroethane (R-116) and optionally ethane (R-170); and, optionally
(iii) carbon dioxide (CO 2 , R-744).

2. A composition according to claim 1 , selected from the group of compositions:
comprising from about 14 to about 99% by weight of R-1132a and from about 1 to about 86% by weight of R-116;
comprising from about 35 to about 99% by weight of R-1132a and from about 1 to about 65% by weight of R-116; and
comprising up to about 30% by weight of R-1132a and at least about 70% by weight of R-116.

3. A composition according to claim 2 further comprising CO 2 .

4. A composition according to claim 3 wherein the CO 2 is present in an amount selected from the group consisting of from about 6 to about 40% by weight; and up to about 15% by weight.

5. A composition according to claim 4 comprising up to about 35% by weight of R-1132a, at least about 55% by weight of R-116 and up to about 13% by weight CO 2 .

6. A composition according to claim 1 wherein the composition is azeotropic or near-azeotropic.

7. A composition according to claim 6 comprising from about 45 to about 60% by weight of R-1132a and from about 40 to about 55% by weight of R-116.

8. A composition according to claim 1 , selected from the group of compositions:
comprising R-1132a, R-116 and up to about 70% by weight CO 2 ;
comprising from about 10 to about 98% by weight of R-1132a, from about 2 to about 90% by weight of R-116 and from about 2 to about 60% by weight CO 2 ; and
comprising from about 10 to about 96% by weight of R-1132a, from about 4 to about 90% by weight of R-116 and from about 4 to about 50% by weight CO 2 .

9. A composition according to claim 1 , selected from the group of compositions:
comprising from about 1 to about 80% by weight of ethane and from about 20 to about 99% by weight of R-1132a;
comprising from about 1 to about 50% by weight of ethane and from about 50 to about 99% by weight of R-1132a; and
comprising from about 1 to about 25% by weight of ethane and from about 75 to about 99% by weight of R-1132a.

10. A composition according to claim 9 wherein the composition is azeotropic or near-azeotropic.

11. A composition according to claim 10 comprising from about 40 to about 60% by weight of ethane and from about 40 to about 60% by weight of R-1132a.

12. A composition according to claim 9 further comprising CO 2 .

13. A composition according to claim 12 wherein the CO 2 is present in an amount of from about 6 to about 40% by weight.

14. A composition according to claim 1 , selected from the group of compositions:
comprising R-1132a, ethane and up to about 70% by weight CO 2 ;
comprising from about 2 to about 98% by weight of R-1132a, from about 2 to about 98% by weight of ethane and from about 2 to about 60% by weight CO 2 ; and
comprising from about 4 to about 96% by weight of R-1132a, from about 4 to about 96% by weight of ethane and from about 4 to about 50% by weight CO 2 .

15. A composition according to claim 1 comprising R-1132a, R-116 and ethane.

16. A composition according to claim 15 , selected from the group of compositions:
comprising from about 10 to about 70% by weight R-1132a, from about 4 to about 86% by weight R-116 and from about 4 to about 86% by weight ethane; and
comprising from about 10 to about 70% by weight R-1132a, from about 4 to about 82% by weight R-116 and from about 8 to about 86% by weight ethane.

17. A composition according to claim 15 further comprising CO 2 .

18. A composition according to claim 17 , selected from the group of compositions:
wherein the sum of ethane and CO 2 present is less than 50% by weight of the composition;
wherein the composition contains at least as much CO 2 as ethane;
wherein the composition contains at least twice as much CO 2 as ethane;
comprising from about 2 to about 20% by weight ethane, from about 2 to about 45% by weight CO 2 , from about 15 to about 85% by weight R-1132a and from about 5 to about 80% by weight R-116; and
comprising from about 4 to about 12% by weight ethane, from about 4 to about 40% by weight CO 2 , from about 20 to about 80% by weight R-1132a and from about 8 to about 76% by weight R-116.

19. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising pentafluoroethane (R-125).

20. A composition according to claim 1 further comprising a hydrocarbon, wherein the hydrocarbon is in addition to any ethane present in the composition.

21. A composition according to claim 1 , selected from the group of compositions:
consisting essentially of R-1132a and the second component; and
consisting essentially of R-1132a, the second component and CO 2 .

22. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is less flammable than R-1132a alone.

23. A composition according to claim 22 wherein the composition has:
(a) a higher flammable limit;
(b) a higher ignition energy; and/or
(c) a lower flame velocity
compared to R-1132a alone.

24. A composition according to claim 1 which is non-flammable.

25. A composition according to claim 24 wherein the composition is non-flammable at ambient temperature, said ambient temperature including at least 60° C.

26. A composition according to claim 1 which has a temperature glide in an evaporator or condenser of less than about 10 K.

27. A composition according to claim 1 which has a critical temperature of greater than about 0° C.

28. A composition according to claim 1 whose volumetric refrigeration capacity is at least 90% of that of R-508B at comparable cycle conditions.

29. A composition according to claim 1 whose compressor discharge temperature is within 15 K of that of R-508B at comparable cycle conditions.

30. A composition comprising a lubricant and a composition according to claim 1 .

31. A composition according to claim 30 , wherein the lubricant is selected from mineral oil, silicone oil, polyalkyl benzenes (PABs), polyol esters (POEs), polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), polyalkylene glycol esters (PAG esters), polyvinyl ethers (PVEs), poly (alpha-olefins) and combinations thereof, preferably wherein the lubricant is selected from PAGs or POEs.

32. A composition comprising a stabiliser and a composition according to claim 1 .

33. A composition according to claim 32 , wherein the stabiliser is selected from diene-based compounds, phosphates, phenol compounds and epoxides, and any mixtures thereof.

34. A composition comprising a flame retardant and a composition according to claim 1 .

35. A composition according to claim 34 , wherein the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of tri-(2-chloroethyl)-phosphate, (chloropropyl) phosphate, tri-(2,3-di bromopropyl)-phosphate, tri-(1,3-dichloropropyl)-phosphate, diammonium phosphate, halogenated aromatic compounds, antimony oxide, aluminium trihydrate, polyvinyl chloride, a fluorinated iodocarbon, a fluorinated bromocarbon, trifluoro iodomethane, perfluoroalkyl amines, bromo-fluoroalkyl amines and mixtures thereof.

36. A heat transfer device containing a composition as defined in

Assignees

• Mexichem Fluor Sa De Cv

Inventors

• Low Robert E
• Sharratt Andrew P

Classifications

• C09K2205/128

  Perfluorinated hydrocarbons (C09K2205/124, C09K2205/126 take precedence) · CPC title

• C09K5/042

  comprising compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only · CPC title

• C09K3/30 Primary

  for aerosols (aerosol containers B65D83/14) · CPC title

• C09K2205/40

  Replacement mixtures · CPC title

• C11D7/505

  Mixtures of (hydro)fluorocarbons · CPC title