Cancer screening by detection of ultrastructural and molecular markers

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9783855-B2
Application number	US-201514747596-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 23, 2015
Priority date	Feb 17, 2011
Publication date	Oct 10, 2017
Grant date	Oct 10, 2017

Abstract

The present invention relates to detection of cancer, or assessment of risk of development thereof. In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods detection of field carcinogenesis by identification of ultrastructural and molecular markers in a subject.

First claim

We claim:

1. A method of detecting colorectal field carcinogenesis in a subject comprising: (a) isolating morphologically viable mucus layer colonocytes from a stool sample from said subject, wherein said mucus layer colonocytes are histologically normal at microscopic and greater scales; (b) analyzing said mucus layer colonocytes for nanoscale morphological alterations wherein said nanoscale morphological alterations manifest as an increase in disorder strength as measured by partial wave spectroscopy but are not observable at the microscopic and greater scales.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said mucus layer colonocytes are non-apoptotic.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing said mucus layer colonocytes for nanoscale morphological alterations comprises detection of changes in spatial refractive index distribution within cells or the phase shift distribution of light reflected from cells.

4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising analyzing said mucus layer colonocytes for molecular markers of cancer indicative of field carcinogenesis.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein molecular markers of cancer indicative of field carcinogenesis are selected from dysregulation of miRNA expression, alterations in DNA methylation, and epigenetic markers.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein dysregulation of miRNA expression comprises dysregulation of miR-34a expression.

7. The method of claim 5 , wherein detecting dysregulation of miRNA expression comprises analyzing a panel of miRNA for changes in expression.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein detection of colorectal field carcinogenesis indicates further testing of said subject.

9. A method of detecting cancer, pre-cancer, or increased risk of cancer in a subject comprising:
(a) isolating morphologically viable epithelial cells from a sample from said subject, wherein said epithelial cells are histologically normal at microscopic and greater scales;
(b) having said epithelial cells analyzed to detect nanoscale morphological alterations that manifest as an increase disorder strength as measured by partial wave spectroscopy but are not observable at the microscale;
(c) having said epithelial cells analyzed to detect for molecular markers of cancer indicative of field carcinogenesis, wherein said molecular markers are selected from: dysregulation of miRNA expression, alterations in DNA methylation, and epigenetic markers; and
(d) diagnosing said subject with cancer, pre-cancer, or increased risk of cancer based on steps (b) and (c).

10. The method of claim 9 further comprising:
(e) providing subject with a treatment course of action based on step (d).

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the treatment course of action comprises: surgical treatments, pharmaceutical treatments or combinations thereof.

12. The method of claim 9 , wherein said epithelial cells are selected from: colon mucosal cells, cervical mucosal cells, and buccal cells.

13. The method of claim 9 , wherein said nanoscale morphological alterations are detected by a technique selected from: optical detection, fluorescence detection, non-optical detection, imaging, and super resolution detection.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said nanoscale morphological alterations are detected by optical detection, and said optical detection comprises partial wave spectroscopy.

Assignees

• Univ Northwestern
• Northshore Univ Healthsystem

Inventors

• Backman Vadim
• Subramanian Hariharan
• Damania Dhwanil
• Roy Hemant
• Kunte Dhananjay
• De La Cruz Mart Angelo

Classifications

• A61P35/00

  Antineoplastic agents · CPC title

• C12Q2600/178

  miRNA, siRNA or ncRNA · CPC title

• G01N21/6486

  Measuring fluorescence of biological material, e.g. DNA, RNA, cells (G01N21/6428 takes precedence) · CPC title

• C12Q1/6886 Primary

  for cancer (immunoassay for cancer G01N33/575) · CPC title

• C12Q1/6806

  Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay (C12Q1/6804 takes precedence) · CPC title