Lipid-based wax compositions substantially free of fat bloom and methods of making

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9458411-B2
Application number	US-201113301401-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 21, 2011
Priority date	Nov 23, 2010
Publication date	Oct 4, 2016
Grant date	Oct 4, 2016

Abstract

Lipid-based wax compositions and their methods of making are provided for compositions substantially free of fat bloom. The compositions comprise 0.1-10 percent by weight triacylglycerides, 30-95 percent by weight monoacylglycerides and diacylglycerides combined, and 0.1-65 percent by weight fatty acids. The methods comprise blending the monoacylglycerides, diacylglycerides, triacylglycerides, and fatty acids by heating the lipid-based wax composition at a sufficiently high temperature to destroy substantially all crystal structure within the lipid-based wax composition. The methods further comprise pouring the lipid-based wax composition into a mold or a container having a surface and a core, wherein the pouring is conducted at a temperature at least 15° C. greater than the congeal point of the lipid-based wax composition. The methods further comprise cooling the lipid-based wax composition under conditions sufficient to cool the core to at least 5° C. below the congeal point of the lipid-based wax composition in 30-90 minutes.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A method of making a composition comprising:
providing a lipid-based wax composition, wherein the lipid-based wax composition comprises greater than or equal to 0.1 and less than 5 percent by weight triacylglycerides, greater than 45 and less than or equal to 95 percent by weight monoacylglycerides and diacylglycerides combined, and 0.1-50 percent by weight free fatty acids, and wherein the triacylglycerides, the monoacylglycerides and diacylglycerides, and the free fatty acids make up 100 percent of the lipid-based wax composition;
heating the lipid-based wax composition to a temperature that is at least 15° C. greater than its congeal point;
optionally adding at least one additive to the blended lipid-based wax composition, wherein, upon addition, the at least one additive makes up no more than 30 percent by weight of the blended lipid-based wax composition;
pouring the blended lipid-based wax composition and the at least one additive, if present, into a mold or a container having a surface and a core, wherein the pouring is conducted at a temperature that is at least 15° C. greater than its congeal point to form a molded wax;
cooling the molded wax at a rate such that the core of the molded wax reaches a temperature that is at least 5° C. below its congeal point within 30-90 minutes of the pouring.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling comprises exposing the molded wax to an environment having a temperature between 18° C. and 33° C.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising removing the molded wax from the mold or leaving the composition in the container as a candle.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising inserting a wick in the mold or container prior to or during the pouring of the composition.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling is conducted without the assistance of a fan.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling is conducted with the assistance of a fan.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pouring comprises pouring the blended lipid-based wax composition and the at least one additive, if present, into a container having a surface and a core, wherein the container is a cylinder having a diameter that is greater than 7.5 centimeters.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the container is a cylinder having a diameter that is greater than 15 centimeters.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling is carried out at a cooling rate as slow as 0.27° C. per minute during the first 90 minutes after pouring.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid-based wax composition comprises:
greater than or equal to 1 and less than 5 percent by weight of the triacylglycerides;
greater than 45 and less than or equal to 80 percent by weight of the monoacylglycerides and diacylglycerides combined; and
5-50 percent by weight of the free fatty acids.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid-based wax composition comprises:
greater than or equal to 2 and less than 5 percent by weight of the triacylglycerides;
greater than 45 and less than or equal to 65 percent by weight of the monoacylglycerides and diacylglycerides combined; and
30-50 percent by weight of the free fatty acids.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid-based wax composition comprises:
25-45 percent by weight of the monoacylglycerides; and
10-30 percent by weight of the diacylglycerides, wherein the monoacylglycerides and the diacylglycerides combined is greater than at least 45 percent by weight of the lipid-based wax composition.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid-based wax composition comprises:
greater than or equal to 2 and less than 5 percent by weight of the triacylglycerides;
30-40 percent by weight of the monoacylglycerides;
15-25 percent by weight of the diacylglycerides; and
35-45 percent by weight of the free fatty acids, wherein the monoacylglycerides and the diacylglycerides combined is greater than at least 45 percent by weight of the lipid-based wax composition.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monoacylglycerides, the diacylglycerides, the triacylglycerides, and the free fatty acids are derived from natural oils selected from the group consisting of canola oil, rapeseed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, palm kernel oil, tung oil, jatropha oil, mustard oil, camelina oil, pennycress oil, hemp oil, algal oil, castor oil, lard, tallow, poultry fat, yellow grease, fish oil, tall oils, and mixtures thereof.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monoacylglycerides, the diacylglycerides, the triacylglycerides, and the free fatty acids are derived from palm oil or soybean oil.

16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid-based wax composition has a melting point between 55° C. and 75° C.

17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method comprises adding at least one additive to the blended lipid-based wax composition, and
wherein the at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of wax-fusion enhancer additives, coloring agents, scenting agents, migration inhibitors, additional optimal wax ingredients, surfactants, co-surfactants, emulsifiers, metals, individually and in combinations thereof.

18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monoacylglycerides and the diacylglycerides comprise a residual inorganic complex selected from the group consisting of phosphates, phosphites, nitrates, sulfates, chlorides, bromides, iodides, nitrides, and mixtures thereof, wherein the concentration of the residual inorganic complex is less than 15 ppm in the monoacylglycerides and the diacylglycerides combined.

19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the monoacylglycerides and the diacylglycerides comprise an organic acid selected from the group consisting of citric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, carboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof, and further wherein the concentration of the organic acid is less than 500 ppm in the monoacylglycerides and the diacylglycerides combined.

20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooled molded wax exhibits stability against phase transformation for at least one year when stored at or below 21° C.

21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooled molded wax exhibits stability against phase transformation for at least one year when stored at or below 27° C.

22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooled molded wax exhibits stability against phase transformation for at least one year when stored at or below 32° C.

Assignees

• Murphy Timothy A
• Russell Stephen E
• Cargill Inc

Inventors

• Murphy Timothy A
• Russell Stephen E

Classifications

• C11C5/002 Primary

  Ingredients · CPC title

• C11C5/023

  by casting or melting in a mould · CPC title

• C11C5/00

  Candles · CPC title

• C11C5/02 Primary

  Apparatus for preparation thereof · CPC title