Cathode material, cathode including the same, and lithium-air battery including the cathode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2022199992-A1
Application number	US-202117396839-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Aug 9, 2021
Priority date	Dec 21, 2020
Publication date	Jun 23, 2022
Grant date	—

Abstract

A cathode material, a cathode including the same, a method of manufacturing the cathode, and a lithium-air battery including the cathode, the cathode material configured to use water and oxygen as a cathode active material, the cathode material including a metal oxide represented by Formula 1:MxOy   Formula 1wherein, in Formula 1, M is Ti, Cu, Co, Ce, Cu, Fe, Eu, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Pu, Ru, Tc, U, V, Ir, or a combination thereof, 0<x≤20, 0<y≤34, and 0.05<y/x<10, with the proviso that when M is Mn, 0.05<y/x≤1.4, wherein the cathode material has a phase stability value of about 1.2 electronvolts or less at a pH of 12 to 14 and at a voltage of 2 to 4.5 volts with respect to lithium metal, and a bandgap energy of 0 electronvolts when determined by density functional theory.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A cathode material configured to use water and oxygen as a cathode active material, the cathode material comprising:
a metal oxide represented by Formula 1:
M x O y   Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, M is Ti, Cu, Co, Ce, Cu, Fe, Eu, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Pu, Ru, Tc, U, V, Ir, or a combination thereof, 0<x≤20, 0<y≤34, and 0.05<y/x<10, with the proviso that when M is Mn, 0.05<y/x≤1.4, wherein the cathode material has
a phase stability value of about 1.2 electronvolts or less at a pH of 12 to 14 and at a voltage of 2 to 4.5 volts with respect to lithium metal, and
a bandgap energy of 0 electronvolts when determined by density functional theory.

2 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material has a lithium insertion voltage of greater than 0 to about 2.5 volts.

3 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein 0.1<y/x<4.

4 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material has an energy above hull of less than about 0.1 electronvolts, and the amount of change in the Gibbs free energy value at a voltage of 2 to 4.5 volts is 0 electronvolts.

5 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material has a phase stability value of 0 to 0.5 electronvolts.

6 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein, in Formula 1, 1≤x≤17 and 1≤y≤32.

7 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein, in Formula 1, M is Ti, Cu, Co, Ce, Cu, Fe, Eu, or a combination thereof, and 1≤y/x≤3.

8 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein, in Formula 1, 0.5<y/x<2.5.

9 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material is a metal oxide represented by Formulae 2 to 6:
Ti x O y   Formula 2
wherein, in Formula 2, 1≤y/x≤2,
Cu x O y   Formula 3

wherein, in Formula 3, 0.5≤y/x≤2,
Ce x O y   Formula 4

wherein, in Formula 4, 1≤y/x≤2,
Fe x O y   Formula 5

wherein, in Formula 5, 1≤y/x≤2,
Eu x O y   Formula 6

wherein, in Formula 6, 1≤y/x≤2, or a combination thereof.

10 . The cathode material of claim 9 , wherein, in Formulae 2 to 6, 1≤x≤17 and 1≤y≤32.

11 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material is Ti 11 O 18 , Ti 13 O 22 , Ti 19 O 30 , Ti 2 O 3 , Ti 3 O 5 , Ti 4 O 7 , Ti 5 O 8 , Ti 5 O 9 , Ti 6 O 11 , Ti 7 O 13 , Ti 8 O 15 , Ti 9 O 17 , Ti 10 O 18 , Ti 13 O 22 , Ti 19 O 30 , CdO, Ce 13 O 24 , Ce 16 O 27 , Ce 17 O 32 , Ce 5 O 9 , Ce 7 O 12 , CoO, CrO, Cu 4 O 3 , Cu 8 O 7 , CuO, Eu 2 O 3 , Eu 3 O 4 , EuO, Fe 12 O 13 , Fe 3 O 4 , Fe 7 O 8 , FeO, IrO 2 , MnO, MoO 2 , Nb 12 O 29 , RuO 2 , TcO 2 , V 2 O 3 , or a combination thereof.

12 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the water in the cathode active material is greater than 0 to about 4 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the oxygen.

13 . The cathode material of claim 1 , wherein the cathode material has an electronic conductivity at 25° C. of about 1.0×10 −6 to about 100 siemens per centimeter.

14 . A cathode comprising the cathode material of claim 1 .

15 . The cathode of claim 14 , wherein an amount of the cathode material in the cathode is about 1 to about 100 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of a total weight of the cathode.

16 . A lithium-air battery comprising:
a cathode comprising the cathode material of claim 1 ; an anode comprising lithium; and an electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode.

17 . The lithium-air battery of claim 16 , wherein the electrolyte is an oxide solid electrolyte, and
the oxide solid electrolyte is Li 1+x+y Al x Ti 2−x Si y P 3−y O 12 wherein 0<x<2 and 0≤y<3, BaTiO 3 , Pb(Zr a Ti 1−a )O 3 wherein 0≤a≤1, Pb 1−x La x Zr 1−y Ti y O 3 wherein 0≤x<1 and 0≤y<1, Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 —PbTiO 3 , HfO 2 , SrTiO 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , Na 2 O, MgO, NiO, CaO, BaO, ZnO, ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , SiO 2 , Li 3 PO 4 , Li x Ti y (PO 4 ) 3 wherein 0<x<2 and 0<y<3, Li x Al y Ti z (PO 4 ) 3 wherein 0<x<2, 0<y<1, and 0<z<3, Li 1+x+y (Al a Ga 1−a ) x (Ti b Ge 1−b ) 2−x Si y P 3−y O 12 wherein 0≤a≤1, 0≤b≤1, 0≤x≤1, and 0≤y≤1, Li x La y TiO 3 wherein 0<x<2 and 0<y<3, Li 2 O, LiOH, Li 2 CO 3 , LiAlO 2 , Li 2 O—Al 2 O 3 —SiO 2 —P 2 O 5 —TiO 2 —GeO 2 , Li 3+x La 3 M 2 O 12 wherein M is Te, Nb, or Zr, and x is an integer from 1 to 10, or a combination thereof.

18 . The lithium-air battery of claim 16 , wherein the electrolyte is Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , Li 3+x La 3 Zr 2−a M a O 12 , wherein M is Ga, W, Nb, Ta, or Al, x is an integer from 1 to 10, and 0.05≤a≤0.7, or combination thereof.

19 . The lithium-air battery of claim 17 , wherein the cathode comprises a porous framework substrate and a coating layer disposed on the porous framework substrate, and the coating layer comprises the cathode material.

20 . A method of manufacturing a cathode, the method comprising:
providing a suspension comprising the cathode material of claim 1 ; and depositing the cathode material on a porous framework substrate by electrophoresis.

21 . A lithium-air battery, comprising:
a cathode comprising
a porous framework substrate having a porosity of about 70 to about 99%, and
Ti 2 O 3 , CuO, Ce 17 O 32 , Fe 3 O 4 , Eu 2 O 3 , Eu 3 O 4 , or Co 3 O 4 having a particle size of about 10 to about 500 nanometers and disposed on the porous framework substrate;
an anode comprising lithium; and a lithium aluminum titanium phosphate solid electrolyte between the cathode and the anode.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Kim Mokwon
• Ma Sangbok
• Park Jungock

Classifications

• H01M4/382

  Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M4/9016

  Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts · CPC title

• H01M4/8642

  Gradient in composition · CPC title

• H01M2004/8689

  Positive electrodes · CPC title