Redox and ion-adsorption electrodes and energy storage devices

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2020266425-A1
Application number	US-202016866643-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	May 5, 2020
Priority date	Feb 1, 2018
Publication date	Aug 20, 2020
Grant date	—

Abstract

Provided herein are energy storage devices comprising a first electrode comprising a layered double hydroxide, a conductive scaffold, and a first current collector; a second electrode comprising a hydroxide and a second current collector; a separator; and an electrolyte. In some embodiments, the specific combination of device chemistry, active materials, and electrolytes described herein form storage devices that operate at high voltage and exhibit the capacity of a battery and the power performance of supercapacitors in one device.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A method of forming an electrode comprising:
forming a solution; stirring the solution; heating the solution; cooling the solution; rinsing the solution in a solvent; and freeze-drying the solution.

2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution comprises a reducing agent, a deliquescence, and a carbon-based dispersion.

3 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the reducing agent comprises urea, citric acid, ascorbic acid, hydrazine hydrate, hydroquinone, sodium borohydride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide, or any combination thereof.

4 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the deliquescence comprises a salt.

5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the salt comprises a citrate salt, a chloride salt, a nitrate salt, or any combination thereof.

6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the nitrate salt comprises zinc(III) nitrate, zinc(III) nitrate hexahydrate, iron(III) nitrate, iron(III) nitrate hexahydrate, or any combination thereof.

7 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon-based dispersion comprises a carbon-based foam, a carbon-based aerogel, a carbon-based hydrogel, a carbon-based ionogel, carbon-based nanosheets, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanosheets, carbon cloth, or any combination thereof.

8 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon-based dispersion comprises graphene, graphene oxide, graphite, activated carbon, carbon black, or any combination thereof.

9 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the mass percentage of the reducing agent in the solution is about 30% to about 90%.

10 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the mass percentage of the deliquescence in the solution is about 5% to about 30%.

11 . The method of claim 2 , wherein the mass percentage of the carbon-based dispersion in the solution is about 10% to about 40%.

12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises deionized water, acetone, water, or any combination thereof.

13 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution is stirred for a period of time of about 10 minutes to about 60 minutes.

14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution is heated at a temperature of about 80° C. to about 360° C.

15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution is heated for a period of time of about 4 hours to about 16 hours.

16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the solution is freeze dried under vacuum.

17 . An electrode comprising:
(a) a layered double hydroxide; (b) a three-dimensional graphene-based conductive scaffold; and (c) a first current collector; wherein the layered double hydroxide comprises a metallic layered double hydroxide comprising a zinc-based layered double hydroxide, an iron-based layered double hydroxide, an aluminum-based layered double hydroxide, a chromium-based layered double hydroxide, an indium-based layered double hydroxide, a manganese-based layered double hydroxide, or any combination thereof.

18 . The electrode of claim 17 , wherein the three-dimensional graphene-based conductive scaffold comprises conductive foam, conductive aerogel, graphene foam, graphite foam, graphene aerogel, graphite aerogel, or any combination thereof.

19 . The electrode of claim 17 , wherein the first current collector comprises a conductive foam.

20 . The electrode of claim 19 , wherein the conductive foam comprises aluminum foam, carbon foam, graphene foam, graphite foam, copper foam, nickel foam, palladium foam, platinum foam, steel foam, or any combination thereof.

Assignees

• Univ California

Inventors

• El-Kady Maher F
• Kaner Richard B
• Mousavi Mir Fazlollah

Classifications

• Y02P70/50

  Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product · CPC title

• H01M10/26

  Selection of materials as electrolytes · CPC title

• H01G11/64

  characterised by additives · CPC title

• H01G11/70

  characterised by their structure · CPC title

• H01G11/02 Primary

  using combined reduction-oxidation reactions, e.g. redox arrangement or solion · CPC title