Use of Surfactants to Extract a Platinum Group Metal or Gold from Organic Compositions

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2019316223-A1
Application number	US-201716302818-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	May 19, 2017
Priority date	May 19, 2016
Publication date	Oct 17, 2019
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present invention is in the field of surfactants to extract a platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium, from organic compositions. In particular, the invention concerns the use of surfactants to back-extract a platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium, from organic compositions further comprising an extractant of said platinum group metal or gold, in particular palladium from an aqueous solution.

First claim

1 . A process of extraction of at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold from a first organic liquid composition comprising:
at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, and an organic solvent, said organic solvent being water immiscible, said process comprising the following steps: a) contacting said first organic liquid composition with a first aqueous solution comprising a surfactant to obtain after phase separation, a second aqueous solution comprising the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold and the surfactant, and a second organic liquid composition comprising the organic solvent; b) recovering of said second aqueous solution,
said surfactant comprising:
an hydrophobic central core of valence m equal to 1, 2 or 3;

when m=1, a hydrophilic group G of the following formula, attached to the central core:

wherein:
R 7 is selected from H, C|-G, alkyl and CH 2 ORi 0 ;
R 10 is H or a monosaccharide selected from glucose, galactose, mannose;
w is an integer from 1 to 30;
when m=2 or 3, the surfactant being then a dendrimer of generation n,
generation chains attached to the central core and branching around the core; and
an hydrophilic terminal group at the end of each generation chain;
wherein
n is an integer from 0 to 12;
the hydrophilic terminal group comprises:
a mono-, oligo- or polysaccharide residue,
a cyclodextrin residue,
a polyethylene glycol (PEG) residue,
a peptide residue,
a tris(hydroxymethyl)aminoethane (Tris), or
a 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol;

the central core being:
when m=1, a -L′-W′ group,
wherein:
W′ is R F or a group selected from W′ 1 , W′ 2 or W′ 3 :

R F is a C 4 -C 10 perfluoroalkyl or a C 1 -C 24 alkyl group,
R H is a C 1 -C 24 alkyl group,
p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
q is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
L′ is a linear or branched C 1 -C 12 alkylene group, optionally interrupted by one or more groups Y′;
Y′ at each occurrence is chosen from —OC(=0)-, —C(=0)0-, -0-C(=0)-NH—, —NH—C(=0)-0-, —OC(=0)-0-, —NHC(=0)-, —C(=0)-NH, —NHC(=0)NH—, —NHC(=0)0-, -0-C(=0)-NH—, —NH—, —O— or —S—;
Y at each occurrence is chosen from —S—, —OC(=0)-, —C(=0)0-, -0-C(=0)-NH—, —NH—C(=0)-0-, —OC(=0)-0-, —NHC(=0)-, —C(=0)-NH, —NHC(=0)NH—, —NHC(=0)0-, -0-C(=0)-NH—, —NH— or -0-;
when m=2 or 3, a group of formula (Ia) or (Ib):

wherein:
W is R F or a group selected from W 0 , W 1 , W 2 or W 3 :

R F is a C 4 -C 10 perfluoroalkyl or a C 1 -C 24 alkyl group,
R H is a C 1 -C 24 alkyl group,
p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
q is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
L is a linear or branched C 1 -C 12 alkylene group, optionally interrupted by one or more -0-, —S—,
Z is C(=0)NH or NHC(=0),
R is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, and
e is at each occurrence independently selected from 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

2 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein said first organic liquid composition results from the liquid/liquid extraction of an original acidic aqueous phase comprising at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, with said organic solvent.

3 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent comprises or consists of an extractant of the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold from an acidic aqueous solution and optionally, an organic diluent and/or a phase modifier.

4 . The process according to claim 3 , wherein the extractant is chosen from the group comprising malonamides, alkyl sulfides, sulfoxides, hydroxyoximes, amines, ammonium salts, alkyl phosphine oxides, phosphine sulfides, ketones, thio and dithio-diglycolamides.

5 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein:
said second aqueous solution comprises more than 50% of the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold comprised in the first organic liquid composition; and/or said second aqueous solution comprises less than 5% of the diluent comprised in the first organic liquid composition; and/or said second aqueous solution comprises less than 2% of the extractant comprised in the first organic liquid composition; and/or said second aqueous solution comprises more than 80% of the surfactant comprised in the first aqueous solution.

6 . The process according to claim 1 , further comprising, after step b), a step c) of performing a platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction under micellar conditions by contacting said second aqueous solution with the reactants of said platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction to obtain the product of the platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction under micellar conditions.

7 . The process according to claim 3 , wherein the first organic liquid composition is obtained by extracting an original aqueous phase comprising at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, with said extractant in presence of said diluent.

8 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold originates from an aqueous phase comprising nitric acid.

9 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is selected from:

wherein w is as defined in claim 1 .

10 . The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold is palladium.

11 . A process of extracting at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold from a liquid composition to an aqueous solution, said liquid composition comprising:
at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold, an organic solvent, said organic solvent being water immiscible
comprising contacting the liquid composition with the surfactant of claim 1 .

12 . A micelle or an aqueous solution comprising at least one metal chosen from the platinum group metals and gold and a surfactant as defined in claim 1 .

13 . (canceled)

14 . A platinum group metal or gold-catalyzed reaction process under micellar conditions comprising the micelle or aqueous solution according to claim 12 .

15 . An amphiphilic dendrimer of generation n comprising:
an hydrophobic central core of valence m equal to 2 or 3; generation chains attached to the central core and branching around the core; and an hydrophilic terminal group at the end of each generation chain;
wherein
n is an integer from 0 to 12;
the hydrophilic termin

Assignees

• Centre Nat Rech Scient
• Univ D'Avignon Et Des Pays De Vaucluse
• Univ Strasbourg
• Commissariat Energie Atomique
• Enscm
• Univ Montpellier

Inventors

• Bihel Frédéric Jean-Jacques
• Bourgeois Damien
• Desgranges Stéphane
• Meyer Daniel
• Contino-Pepin Christiane
• Schmitt Martine
• Wagner Patrick Hervé Denis

Classifications

• C08G83/003 Primary

  Dendrimers · CPC title

• C22B11/044

  from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge · CPC title

• C22B3/10 Primary

  Hydrochloric acid {, other halogenated acids or salts thereof} · CPC title

• A61K41/0033

  Sonodynamic cancer therapy with sonochemically active agents or sonosensitizers, having their cytotoxic effects enhanced through application of ultrasounds (ultrasound therapy per se A61N7/00) · CPC title

• A61K49/226

  Solutes, emulsions, suspensions, dispersions, semi-solid forms, e.g. hydrogels · CPC title