Low power multilevel driver

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2018358967-A1
Application number	US-201816107829-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Aug 21, 2018
Priority date	Apr 28, 2016
Publication date	Dec 13, 2018
Grant date	—

Abstract

A driver for transmitting multi-level signals on a multi-wire bus is described that includes at least one current source connected to a transmission line, each current source selectively enabled to source current to the transmission line to drive a line voltage above a termination voltage of a termination voltage source connected to the transmission line via a termination impedance element, wherein each of the at least one current sources has an output impedance different than a characteristic impedance of the transmission line, and at least one current sink connected to the transmission line, each current sink selectively enabled to sink current from the transmission line to drive a line voltage below the termination voltage, each of the at least one current sinks having an output impedance different than the characteristic impedance of the transmission line.

First claim

We claim:

1 . An apparatus comprising:
a plurality of transmission lines having a length of up to 2 millimeters between first and second chips in a multi-chip package, each transmission line of the plurality of transmission lines connecting a respective multi-level driver of a plurality of multi-level drivers in the first chip to a voltage termination node in the second chip via a respective termination impedance element of a plurality of termination impedance elements; and each multi-level driver of the plurality of multi-level drivers configured to drive a line voltage of a respective transmission line of the plurality of transmission lines above or below a termination voltage of the voltage termination node by selectively enabling groups of current sources or current sinks, respectively, that responsively generate current through the respective termination impedance element, the selectively enabled groups of current sources or current sinks having an output impedance that is not matched to a characteristic impedance of the respective transmission line.

2 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of transmission lines comprises 6 transmission lines.

3 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the line voltage of the respective transmission line corresponds to a symbol of a balanced vector signaling code, and wherein the termination voltage on the voltage termination node is constant responsive to equal amounts of generated currents being sourced and sunk through the plurality of termination impedance elements.

4 . The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the balanced vector signaling code comprises an alphabet of at least three values.

5 . The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the alphabet of the balanced vector signaling code comprises the values [±1, ±⅓].

6 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one multi-level driver of the plurality of multi-level drivers comprises a current source or a current sink selectively enabled to simultaneously generate current on two transmission lines of the plurality of transmission lines.

7 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the groups of current sources or current sinks are selectively enabled via respective switching elements.

8 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the characteristic impedance of the respective transmission line is matched to the respective termination impedance element.

9 . The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least one current sink in the selectively enabled group of current sinks comprises a passive current sink.

10 . The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the passive current sink comprises a resistor selectively connected to the respective transmission line and to system ground.

11 . A method comprising:
obtaining a plurality of control bits identifying a plurality of symbols of a balanced codeword of a vector signaling code, each symbol of the plurality of symbols of the balanced codeword having a symbol value selected from a set of at least three symbol values; selectively enabling a group of current sources or current sinks in a multi-level driver of a plurality of multi-level drivers, the plurality of multi-level drivers connected to a plurality of transmission lines having a length of up to 2 millimeters between first and second chips in a multi-chip package, the plurality of transmission lines coupled to a voltage termination node via a plurality of termination impedance elements, the group of current sources or current sinks selectively enabled according to the obtained plurality of control bits; and the selectively enabled group of current sources or current sinks driving a line voltage of a respective transmission line of a plurality of transmission lines above or below a termination voltage of the voltage termination node, respectively, by generating current through a respective termination impedance element of the plurality of termination impedances, the selectively enabled group of current sources or current sinks having an output impedance that is not matched to a characteristic impedance of the respective transmission line.

12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of transmission lines comprises 6 transmission lines.

13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the termination voltage of the voltage termination node is constant responsive to equal amounts of generated currents being sourced and sunk through the plurality of termination impedance elements.

14 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the balanced vector signaling code comprises an alphabet of at least three values.

15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the alphabet of the balanced vector signaling code comprises the values [±1, ±⅓].

16 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising selectively enabling a single current source or current sink to simultaneously source or sink current from two transmission lines of the plurality of transmission lines, respectively.

17 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the groups of current sources or current sinks are selectively enabled via respective switching elements receiving the plurality of control bits.

18 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the characteristic impedance of the respective transmission line is matched to the respective termination impedance element.

19 . The method of claim 11 , wherein at least one current sink in the selectively enabled group of current sinks comprises a passive current sink.

20 . The method of claim 19 , wherein the passive current sink comprises a resistor, and wherein the resistor is selectively connected to the respective transmission line and to system ground.

Assignees

• Kandou Labs SA

Inventors

• Amiri Omid Talebi
• Simpson Richard

Classifications

• H04B3/04

  Control of transmission; Equalising · CPC title

• H03K19/0002

  Multistate logic (H03K19/02 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H03K19/0005 Primary

  Modifications of input or output impedance · CPC title