Hydromagnetic desalination cell, brine desalination system, and method of desalinating brine water using the desalination cell

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2017166461-A1
Application number	US-201514969828-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Dec 15, 2015
Priority date	Dec 15, 2015
Publication date	Jun 15, 2017
Grant date	—

Abstract

A hydromagnetic desalination cell including at least one hollow rectangular flow conduit, a first rectangular magnet and a second rectangular magnet each having a north pole face and a south pole face opposite of each other, wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are disposed along a longitudinal axis and on opposite sides of the rectangular flow conduit, a first opening and a second opening on opposite walls of the rectangular flow conduit extending between the first and second rectangular magnets, and a first and second chamber fluidly connected to the first and second openings. A hydromagnetic desalination system and methods of desalinating brine water with the hydromagnetic desalination system are also disclosed.

First claim

1 : A hydromagnetic desalination cell, comprising:
at least one hollow rectangular flow conduit with a conduit inlet on a first end and a conduit outlet on a second end; a first rectangular magnet and a second rectangular magnet each having a north pole face and a south pole face opposite of each other, wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are disposed along a longitudinal axis and on opposite sides of the rectangular flow conduit such that the north pole face of the first rectangular magnet contacts the rectangular flow conduit and the south pole face of the second rectangular magnet contacts the rectangular flow conduit; a first opening and a second opening on opposite walls of the rectangular flow conduit extending between the first and second rectangular magnets; a first chamber fluidly connected to the first opening of the rectangular flow conduit; and a second chamber fluidly connected to the second opening of the rectangular flow conduit; wherein the first and second rectangular magnets generate a magnetic field that causes cations to flow from the first opening of the rectangular flow conduit to the first chamber, and anions to flow from the second opening of the rectangular flow conduit to the second chamber.

2 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein a distance between the north pole face of the first rectangular magnet and the south pole face of the second rectangular magnet ranges from 0.01-0.035 m.

3 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein the first and second rectangular magnets are neodymium iron boride or samarium cobalt magnets.

4 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein the hollow rectangular flow conduit has a rectangular cross section with a width dimension that is larger than a height dimension.

5 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , wherein the hollow rectangular flow conduit comprises a non-magnetic, non-conducting material.

6 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 5 , wherein the non-magnetic, non-conducting material is polyvinyl chloride.

7 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , which comprises a plurality of stacked hollow rectangular flow conduits, wherein each hollow rectangular flow conduit is fluidly connected to the first chamber through the first opening and the second chamber through the second opening.

8 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 7 , wherein the thickness of the first and second rectangular magnets are the same, and a distance between each stacked hollow rectangular flow conduit is equal to the thickness of the first and second rectangular magnet.

9 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 8 , wherein the thickness of the first and second rectangular magnet ranges from 1-6 cm.

10 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a third chamber with a brine discharge outlet, wherein the third chamber is located downstream of and is fluidly connected in parallel to the first chamber through a first chamber outlet line and the second chamber through a second chamber outlet line; and wherein the cations from the first chamber and the anions from the second chamber combine in the third chamber and are expelled from the brine discharge outlet of the third chamber.

11 : The hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 , further comprising:
a positive electrode connected to the first chamber; and a negative electrode connected to the second chamber.

12 : A hydromagnetic desalination system, comprising:
the hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 ; an inlet tank comprising a first brine water comprising sodium cations, chloride anions, and water that is upstream of and fluidly connected to the conduit inlet through an inlet line, wherein the first brine water is flowed through the hydromagnetic desalination cell to separate the sodium cations into the first chamber through the first opening and the chloride anions into the second chamber through the second opening to produce desalinated water; a desalinated water line; a desalinated water reflex line that fluidly connects the conduit outlet to the inlet tank for recycling the desalinated water, wherein the desalinated water line and the desalinated water reflux line are fluidly connected in parallel to and downstream of the conduit outlet; wherein the desalinated water has a concentration of sodium cations and chloride anions that is less than that of the first brine water.

13 : The hydromagnetic desalination system of claim 12 , further comprising a pump fluidly connected to the inlet tank and the conduit inlet, wherein the pump flows the first brine water from the inlet tank to the conduit inlet.

14 : The hydromagnetic desalination system of claim 12 , further comprising a first flow valve positioned in the desalinated water line downstream of the conduit outlet, and
a second flow valve positioned in the desalinated water reflux line downstream of the conduit outlet, wherein the first flow valve and the second flow valve may be adjusted so that the desalinated water is flowed through the desalinated water line and collected, is returned to the inlet tank through the desalinated water reflex line, or both.

15 : A hydromagnetic desalination system comprising:
the hydromagnetic desalination cell of claim 1 ; an inlet tank comprising a first brine water comprising sodium cations, chloride anions, and water that is upstream of and fluidly connected to the conduit inlet through an inlet line, wherein the first brine water is flowed through the hydromagnetic desalination cell to separate the sodium cations into the first chamber through the first opening and the chloride anions into the second chamber through the second opening to produce desalinated water; a desalinated water line; a desalinated water reflex line that fluidly connects the conduit outlet to the inlet tank for recycling the desalinated water, wherein the desalinated water line and the desalinated water reflux line are fluidly connected in parallel to and downstream of the conduit outlet; a third chamber that is located downstream of and is fluidly connected in parallel to the first chamber through a first chamber outlet line and the second chamber through a second chamber outlet line; a brine tank that is downstream of and fluidly connected to the third chamber through a brine discharge line; wherein the sodium cations from the first chamber flow to the third chamber through the first chamber outlet line and the chloride anions from the second chamber flow to the third chamber through the second chamber outlet line to produce a second brine water that is discharged from the third chamber to the brine tank through the brine discharge line; wherein the desalinated water has a concentration of sodium cations and chloride anions that is less than that of the first brine water; and wherein the second brine water has a concentration of sodium cations and chloride anions that is greater than that of the first brine water.

16 : The hydromagnetic desalination system of claim 15 , further comprising
a first flow valve positioned in the desalinated water line downstream of the conduit outlet, and a second flow valve positioned in the desalinated water reflux line downstream of the conduit outlet, wherein the first flow valve and the second flow valve may be adjusted so that the desalinated water is flowed through the desalinated water line and collected, is returned to the inlet tank through the desalinated water reflex line, or both.

17 : A hydromagne

Assignees

• Univ King Fahd Pet & Minerals

Inventors

• Elshafei Moustafa

Classifications

• C25B5/00

  Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which electricity is generated simultaneously · CPC title

• C25B1/04

  by electrolysis of water · CPC title

• C02F2103/08

  Seawater, e.g. for desalination · CPC title

• C02F1/484 Primary

  using electromagnets · CPC title

• C02F1/481 Primary

  using permanent magnets · CPC title