Nanocarbon composite carbon fiber with low cost and high performance and their preparation method

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016348283-A1
Application number	US-201615162052-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	May 23, 2016
Priority date	May 26, 2015
Publication date	Dec 1, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a preparation method for lowering a production cost of a high performance carbon fiber using a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber crosslinked by electron beam. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber, including a nanocarbon containing step for containing nanocarbon in a structure of a carbon fiber precursor fiber, a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber preparation step for forming a composite of the nanocarbon and the carbon fiber precursor fiber by electron beam irradiation to enable crosslinking for improved heat resistance of the carbon fiber precursor fiber containing the nanocarbon, an oxidation•stabilization step for oxidizing•stabilizing the nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber, and a carbonization step for carbonizing the oxidized•stabilized nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber, and a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber prepared by the preparation method.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1 . A nanocarbon composite carbon fiber with a nanocarbon composite structure in the carbon fiber, the nanocarbon composite carbon fiber prepared by performing an oxidation•stabilization step and a carbonization step on a carbon fiber precursor fiber containing nanocarbon, wherein the carbon fiber precursor fiber is crosslinked between the nanocarbon and a polymer by electron beam irradiation.

2 . The nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon fiber precursor fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-, pitch-, rayon-, lignin- and polyethylene-based fibers.

3 . The nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the carbon fiber precursor fiber is polyacrylonitrile for textiles or an acrylic fiber including a carbon fiber precursor having 95 wt % or more of acrylonitrile (AN) monomers.

4 . The nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the nanocarbon is selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon nano fiber (CNF), graphite nano fiber (GNF), graphene, graphene oxide, and fullerene.

5 . The nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the nanocarbon has a functional group including —COOH, —OH and —SO 3 H or no functional group, or is doped with a hetero atom including nitrogen or grafted with a polymer including polyacrylonitrile or a polyacrylonitrile copolymer.

6 . The nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the nanocarbon in the nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber is 0.05˜60 wt % based on the weight of the carbon fiber precursor fiber.

7 . A preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber, comprising:
a nanocarbon containing step for containing nanocarbon in a structure of a carbon fiber precursor fiber; a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber preparation step for forming a composite of the nanocarbon and the carbon fiber precursor fiber by electron beam irradiation to enable crosslinking for improved heat resistance of the carbon fiber precursor fiber containing the nanocarbon; an oxidation•stabilization step for oxidizing•stabilizing the nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber; and a carbonization step for carbonizing the oxidized•stabilized nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber.

8 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 7 , wherein the nanocarbon containing step comprises containing the nanocarbon in the structure of the carbon fiber precursor fiber by wet spinning or dry jet wet spinning of the nanocarbon and a carbon fiber precursor.

9 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 7 , wherein the carbon fiber precursor fiber is polyacrylonitrile for textiles or an acrylic fiber including a carbon fiber precursor having 95 wt % or more of acrylonitrile (AN) monomers, and the nanocarbon is selected from the group consisting of carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon nano fiber (CNF), graphite nano fiber (GNF), graphene, graphene oxide, and fullerene.

10 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 7 , wherein the nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber preparation step is performed in air within a temperature range of from a room temperature to 300° C. by electron beam irradiation with energy of 50 kGy˜5000 kGy.

11 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 7 , wherein the oxidation•stabilization step comprises oxidizing•stabilizing the nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber using thermal energy in air or using thermal coupling plasma under atmospheric pressure or vacuum.

12 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 11 , wherein the oxidation•stabilization step using thermal coupling plasma uses a plasma in a temperature range of 180˜350° C. under oxidizing atmosphere in the presence of oxygen.

13 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 11 , wherein the oxidation•stabilization step using thermal coupling plasma is performed for 30 minutes˜250 minutes.

14 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 7 , wherein the carbonization step comprises carbonizing the oxidized•stabilized nanocarbon composite carbon fiber precursor fiber by thermal energy or microwave assisted plasma.

15 . The preparation method of a nanocarbon composite carbon fiber according to claim 7 , after the carbonization step, further comprising:
a graphitization step by thermal energy or microwave assisted plasma at higher temperature than a carbonization temperature.

Assignees

• Korea Inst Sci & Tech

Inventors

• Jo Seong-Mu
• Lee Sung-Ho
• Joh Han-Ik
• Park Se-Joon
• YEO Hyeon-uk
• Ku Bon-Cheol

Classifications

• D01F9/225 Primary

  from stabilised polyacrylonitriles · CPC title

• C04B35/83

  Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix · CPC title

• D01F11/16

  by physicochemical methods · CPC title

• D01F1/10

  Other agents for modifying properties · CPC title