Intelligent two-phase pumped cooling

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12457713-B2
Application number	US-202217870481-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 21, 2022
Priority date	Jul 21, 2022
Publication date	Oct 28, 2025
Grant date	Oct 28, 2025

Abstract

Systems and methods include a first valve that controls a flow rate of a coolant. A processor is configured to set the flow rate of the coolant to a rate that maintains a vapor quality, measured at an outlet of the coolant, within a predetermined quality range.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A system, comprising:
a plurality of valves comprising a first valve installed at an inlet of a rack that comprises a plurality of computing resources and a corresponding valve installed at a corresponding inlet of each computing resource of the plurality of computing resources, wherein the plurality of valves is configured to control a flow rate of a coolant;
a plurality of sensors comprising a first sensor disposed at an outlet of the rack and a corresponding sensor disposed at a corresponding outlet of each computing resource of the plurality of computing resources, wherein the plurality of sensors is configured to provide sensor data associated with vapor quality; and
a processor configured to actuate one or more of the plurality of valves to set the flow rate of the coolant to a rate that maintains the vapor quality within a predetermined quality range.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first sensor or the corresponding sensor comprises a temperature sensor that measures temperature of the coolant and a pressure sensor that measures pressure of the coolant.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the processor is further configured to determine the vapor quality of the coolant based on the measured temperature and the measured pressure.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first valve and the corresponding valve control the flow rate of the coolant to respective individual computing resources.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the first valve is a rack-level valve that controls a corresponding flow rate of the coolant to the rack.

6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the corresponding sensor is a device-level sensor and the first sensor is a rack-level sensor, each configured to measure properties of the coolant corresponding to the vapor quality.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the processor is further configured to maintain the vapor quality at the rack-level sensor at a value above a minimum vapor quality threshold.

8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the processor is further configured to maintain vapor qualities at each device-level sensor below a maximum vapor quality threshold.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined quality range is determined based on a two-phase coolant quality range of a coolant distribution unit that handles heat exchange from the coolant.

10. A method, comprising:
determining, based on sensor data from a plurality of sensors, a vapor quality of a coolant, the plurality of sensors comprising a first sensor disposed at an outlet of a rack comprising a plurality of computing resources and a corresponding sensor disposed at a corresponding outlet of each computing resource of the plurality of computing resources, wherein a plurality of valves comprises a first valve installed at an inlet of the rack and a corresponding valve installed at a corresponding inlet of each computing resource of the plurality of computing resources, wherein the plurality of valves is configured to control a flow rate of the coolant; and
actuating, by a processor, one or more of the plurality of valves to set the flow rate of the coolant at a rate that maintains the vapor quality of the coolant within a predetermined quality range.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the determining of the vapor quality of the coolant comprises measuring a temperature of the coolant and a pressure of the coolant.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the determining of the vapor quality of the coolant comprises measuring the temperature of the coolant and the pressure of the coolant at the corresponding outlet of a coolant interface of a corresponding computing resource.

13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising determining that the vapor quality of the coolant at the outlet of the coolant interface exceeds a maximum vapor quality threshold.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the actuating of the flow rate comprises increasing a coolant flow to the coolant interface.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the determining of the vapor quality of the coolant comprises measuring the temperature of the coolant and the pressure of the coolant at the outlet of the rack.

16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising determining that the vapor quality of the coolant at the outlet of the rack falls below a minimum vapor quality threshold.

17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the actuating of the flow rate comprises decreasing a coolant flow to the rack.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the actuating of the one or more of the plurality of valves comprises adjusting coolant flow to one or more of the plurality of computing resources within the rack to compensate for decreased coolant flow to the rack.

19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising providing the sensor data to a trained machine learning model and receiving, from the trained machine learning model, output associated with that takes the vapor quality as an input to set the flow rate and to adjust coolant flow to the one or more computing resources.

20. A system, comprising:
flow control logic that receives coolant vapor quality information of a coolant from a plurality of sensors and that actuates one or more of a plurality of valves to set a flow rate of the coolant to a rate that maintains vapor quality within a predetermined quality range, wherein the plurality of valves comprises a first valve installed at an inlet of a rack that comprises a plurality of computing resources and a corresponding valve installed at a corresponding inlet of each computing resource of the plurality of computing resources, wherein the plurality of sensors comprises a first sensor disposed at an outlet of the rack and a corresponding sensor disposed at a corresponding outlet of each computing resource of the plurality of computing resources, and wherein the plurality of sensors is configured to provide sensor data associated with the coolant vapor quality information.

Assignees

• Nvidia Corp

Inventors

• Heydari Ali

Classifications

• H05K7/208

  Liquid cooling with phase change · CPC title

• G06F1/20

  Cooling means · CPC title

• H05K7/20381

  Thermal management, e.g. evaporation control · CPC title

• H05K7/20327

  Accessories for moving fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds · CPC title

• H05K7/20836 Primary

  Thermal management, e.g. server temperature control · CPC title