Electrolyte, and electrochemical device and electronic device including same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12240798-B2
Application number	US-202217573710-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 12, 2022
Priority date	Jul 26, 2019
Publication date	Mar 4, 2025
Grant date	Mar 4, 2025

Abstract

An electrolyte including one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds, and the nitrile benzoquinone compound is selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula I, formula II, and formula III:

The substituents R 1 to R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a C 2 to C 12 ether group, a C 1 to C 12 alkoxy group, halogen, a C 1 to C 12 alkyl group, a C 2 to C 12 alkenyl group, a C 2 to C 12 alkynyl group, and a C 6 to C 26 aryl group. The electrolyte can form a stable protective film on a cathode, thereby increasing the cycle capacity retention rate and high temperature storage performance of an electrochemical device.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrolyte, comprising: one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds, the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds being selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula I, formula II, and formula III:

wherein the substituents R 1 to R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, a C 2 to C 12 ether group, a C 1 to C 12 hydrocarbyloxy group, a C 1 to C 12 alkyl group, a C 2 to C 12 alkenyl group, a C 2 to C 12 alkynyl group, and a C 6 to C 26 aryl group; and
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propane sultone, fluoroethylene carbonate, and vinylene carbonate.

2. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds are selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula VIII-1, formula VIII-2, and formula VIII-3:

3. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more polynitrile compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula IV, formula V, formula VI, and formula VII:

wherein b, c, e, j, k and l are each independently an integer of 0 to 5, and a, d, f, g, h, i, and m are each independently an integer of 1 to 5, wherein a content of the one or more polynitrile compounds is 0.1% to 10% based on a total weight of the electrolyte.

4. The electrolyte according to claim 3 , wherein the one or more polynitrile compounds are selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula IX, formula X, formula XI, formula XII, formula XIII, and formula XIV:

5. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds is 0.05% to 7% based on a total weight of the electrolyte.

6. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , further comprising fluoro-ether compound; the fluoro-ether compound being at least one selected from HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, (CF 3 ) 2 CFCF (CF 2 CF 3 )(OCH 3 ), CF 3 CHFCF 2 CH(CH 3 )OCF 2 CHFCF 3 , HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CF 3 , HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 F, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CF 3 , CH 3 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )OCH 2 CH 2 F, CH 3 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )OCH 2 CF 3 , FCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 F, FCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )—OCH 2 CH 2 F, CF 3 CH 2 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 or CF 3 CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )—OCH 2 CF 3 .

7. The electrolyte according to claim 1 , further comprising a phosphate compound; the phosphate compound comprising at least one of trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, dimethyl ethyl phosphate, methyl diethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate or tris(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl) phosphate.

8. An electrochemical device, comprising:
a cathode;
an anode;
a separator; and
an electrolyte;
the electrolyte comprises one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propane sultone fluoroethylene carbonate, and vinylene carbonate;
the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds being selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula I, formula II, and formula III:

wherein the substituents R 1 to R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, a C 2 to C 12 ether group, a C 1 to C 12 hydrocarbyloxy group, a C 1 to C 12 alkyl group, a C 2 to C 12 alkenyl group, a C 2 to C 12 alkynyl group, and a C 6 to C 26 aryl group.

9. The electrochemical device according to claim 8 , wherein the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds are selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula VIII-1, formula VIII-2, and formula VIII-3:

10. The electrochemical device according to claim 8 , wherein the electrolyte further comprising one or more polynitrile compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula IV, formula V, formula VI, and formula VII:

wherein b, c, e, j, k and l are each independently an integer of 0 to 5, and a, d, f, g, h, i, and m are each independently an integer of 1 to 5, wherein a content of the one or more polynitrile compounds is 0.1% to 10% based on a total weight of the electrolyte.

11. The electrochemical device according to claim 10 , wherein the one or more polynitrile compounds are selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula IX, formula X, formula XI, formula XII, formula XIII, and formula XIV:

12. The electrochemical device according to claim 8 , wherein a content of the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds is 0.05% to 7% based on a total weight of the electrolyte.

13. The electrochemical device according to claim 8 , wherein the electrolyte further comprising a fluoro-ether compound; the fluoro-ether compound being at least one selected from HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, (CF 3 ) 2 CFCF (CF 2 CF 3 )(OCH 3 ), CF 3 CHFCF 2 CH(CH 3 )OCF 2 CHFCF 3 , HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CF 3 , HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, HCF 2 CF 2 OCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 H, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 F, CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CF 3 , CH 3 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )OCH 2 CH 2 F, CH 3 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )OCH 2 CF 3 , FCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 F, FCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )—OCH 2 CH 2 F, CF 3 CH 2 O (CH 2 CH 2 O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 or CF 3 CH 2 OCH 2 CH(CH 3 )—OCH 2 CF 3 .

14. The electrochemical device according to claim 8 , wherein the electrolyte further comprising a phosphate compound; the phosphate compound comprising at least one of trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, dimethyl ethyl phosphate, methyl diethyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate or tris(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl) phosphate.

15. An electronic device, comprising an electrochemical device, wherein the electrochemical device comprises:
a cathode;
an anode;
a separator; and

an electrolyte;
the electrolyte comprises one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propane sultone, fluoroethylene carbonate and vinylene carbonate;
the one or more nitrile benzoquinone compounds being selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by formula I, formula II, and formula III:

Assignees

• Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd

Inventors

• Zhang Lilan
• Tang Chao
• Zhu Weihua
• Zheng Jianming

Classifications

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M10/4235

  Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte (H01M10/4242 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M10/0567 Primary

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M10/0525 Primary

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• C07C255/16

  containing cyano groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon atom of an acyclic carbon skeleton · CPC title