Spark igniter with magnetic field for pushing spark

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12237649-B2
Application number	US-202318191181-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 28, 2023
Priority date	Mar 28, 2023
Publication date	Feb 25, 2025
Grant date	Feb 25, 2025

Abstract

The igniter can have a first conductor having a tip extending along an axis and forming a positive terminal; a second conductor having a tip surrounding the tip of the first conductor around the axis and forming a negative terminal; an insulator filling a space between the first conductor and the second conductor, a spark path extending radially, relative the axis, between the tip of the first conductor and the tip of the second conductor, from the positive terminal to the negative terminal; at least one magnet operable to generate a magnetic field B, the magnetic field B having a magnetic field orientation extending circumferentially around the axis, the at least one magnet disposed radially, relative the axis, between the first conductor and the second conductor, the at least one magnet embedded within the insulator.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An igniter comprising:
a first conductor having a tip extending along an axis and forming a positive terminal;
a second conductor having a tip surrounding the tip of the first conductor around the axis and forming a negative terminal;
an insulator filling a space between the first conductor and the second conductor, with the tip of the first conductor and the tip of the second conductor protruding from the insulator;
a spark path extending radially, relative the axis, between the tip of the first conductor and the tip of the second conductor, from the positive terminal to the negative terminal; and
at least one magnet operable to generate a magnetic field B extending circumferentially around the axis, the magnetic field B having a magnetic field orientation extending circumferentially around the axis, the at least one magnet disposed radially, relative the axis, between the first conductor and the second conductor, the at least one magnet embedded within the insulator.

2. The igniter of claim 1 wherein a portion of the magnetic field B extending at the spark path has a counter-clockwise direction relative the axis when viewed in an axial direction extending from the spark path towards the at least one magnet.

3. The igniter of claim 1 wherein the at least one magnet includes a plurality of magnets interspaced from one another circumferentially relative the axis, each magnet of the plurality of magnets having a length extending tangentially relative the axis, a north pole oriented clockwise relative the axis, and a south pole oriented counter-clockwise relative the axis when viewed in an axial direction extending from the spark path towards the at least one magnet.

4. The igniter of claim 3 further comprising a plurality of insulator elements, each insulator element located circumferentially between a corresponding pair of magnets of the plurality of magnets, and intersecting the spark path.

5. The igniter of claim 1 wherein the at least one magnet is at least one electromagnet.

6. The igniter of claim 1 wherein the at least one magnet is at least one permanent magnet.

7. A gas turbine engine comprising: in serial flow communication a compression section, a combustor, and a turbine section, and an ignition subsystem having at least one igniter, the at least one igniter having
a first conductor having a tip extending along an axis and forming a positive terminal, the tip of the first conductor exposed to a combustion chamber in the combustor;
a second conductor having a tip surrounding the tip of the first conductor around the axis and forming a negative terminal, the tip of the second conductor exposed to a combustion chamber in the combustor;
an insulator filling a space between the first conductor and the second conductor, with the tip of the first conductor and the tip of the second conductor protruding from the insulator;
a spark path extending radially, relative the axis, between the tip of the first conductor and the tip of the second conductor, from the positive terminal to the negative terminal; and
at least one magnet operable to generate a magnetic field B extending circumferentially around the axis, the magnetic field B having a magnetic field orientation extending circumferentially around the axis, the at least one magnet disposed radially, relative the axis, between the first conductor and the second conductor, the at least one magnet embedded within the insulator.

8. The gas turbine engine of claim 7 wherein a portion of the magnetic field B extending at the spark path has a counter-clockwise direction relative the axis when viewed from the combustion chamber.

9. The gas turbine engine of claim 7 wherein the at least one magnet includes a plurality of magnets interspaced from one another circumferentially relative the axis, each magnet of the plurality of magnets having a length extending tangentially relative the axis, a north pole oriented clockwise relative the axis, and a south pole oriented counter-clockwise relative the axis when viewed in an axial direction extending from the spark path towards the at least one magnet.

10. The gas turbine engine of claim 9 further comprising a plurality of insulator elements, each insulator element located circumferentially between a corresponding pair of magnets of the plurality of magnets, and intersecting the spark path.

11. The gas turbine engine of claim 10 wherein the ignition subsystem further comprises at least one voltage source, a voltage regulator connected between the at least one voltage source and the first conductor; and an exciter connected between the at least one voltage source and the positive terminal.

12. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 wherein the second conductor and the negative terminal are grounded.

13. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 wherein the voltage regulator and the exciter are integrated to a body of the igniter.

14. The gas turbine engine of claim 11 wherein the at least one voltage source is a single voltage source having a positive terminal connected to both the voltage regulator and the exciter.

15. The gas turbine engine of claim 7 wherein the at least one magnet is at least one electromagnet.

16. The gas turbine engine of claim 7 wherein the at least one magnet is at least one permanent magnet.

Assignees

• Pratt & Whitney Canada

Inventors

• Khan Sarmad

Classifications

• H01T13/52

  characterised by a discharge along a surface · CPC title

• H01T13/50

  having means for ionisation of gap (H01T13/52 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01T13/42

  with magnetic spark generators · CPC title

• H01T13/41

  with interference suppressing or shielding means · CPC title

• H01T13/40

  structurally combined with other devices (combined or associated with fuel injectors F02M57/06; structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines F02P13/00) · CPC title