Composite cascode power amplifiers for envelope tracking applications

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12231099-B2
Application number	US-202318509060-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 14, 2023
Priority date	Jun 5, 2020
Publication date	Feb 18, 2025
Grant date	Feb 18, 2025

Abstract

Composite cascode power amplifiers for envelope tracking applications are provided herein. In certain embodiments, an envelope tracking system includes a composite cascode power amplifier that amplifies a radio frequency (RF) signal and that receives power from a power amplifier supply voltage, and an envelope tracker that generates the power amplifier supply voltage based on an envelope of the RF signal. The composite cascode power amplifier includes an enhancement mode (E-MODE) field-effect transistor (FET) for amplifying the RF signal and a depletion mode (D-MODE) FET in cascode with the E-MODE FET.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A mobile device comprising:
a transceiver configured to generate a radio frequency signal;
a power management system including an envelope tracker configured to generate a power amplifier supply voltage based on an envelope of the radio frequency signal; and
a front end system including a composite cascode power amplifier configured to amplify the radio frequency signal and to receive power from the power amplifier supply voltage, the composite cascode power amplifier including an enhancement mode field-effect transistor having a gate configured to receive the radio frequency signal, and a depletion mode field-effect transistor having a source connected to a drain of the enhancement-mode field-effect transistor, the envelope tracker including a DC-to-DC converter configured to output a plurality of regulated voltages, a modulator configured to generate a modulator output voltage at an output based on the plurality of regulated voltages and the envelope of the radio frequency signal, and a modulator output filter coupled between the output of the modulator and the power amplifier supply voltage.

2. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein the enhancement mode field-effect transistor is a metal oxide semiconductor transistor.

3. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein the depletion mode field-effect transistor is a Schottky gate field-effect transistor.

4. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein a source of the enhancement mode field-effect transistor is connected to a ground voltage, and a drain of the depletion mode field-effect transistor is connected to an output terminal of the composite cascode power amplifier.

5. The mobile device of claim 4 wherein a gate of the depletion mode transistor is biased by the ground voltage.

6. The mobile device of claim 4 wherein a gate of the depletion mode transistor is biased by a positive voltage above the ground voltage.

7. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein the composite cascode power amplifier further includes a choke inductor electrically connected between the power amplifier supply voltage and a drain of the depletion mode field-effect transistor.

8. The mobile device of claim 1 wherein the composite cascode power amplifier further includes a gate bias inductor configured to provide a gate bias voltage to the gate of the enhancement mode field-effect transistor.

9. An envelope tracking system comprising:
an envelope tracker configured to generate a power amplifier supply voltage based on an envelope of a radio frequency signal, the envelope tracker including a DC-to-DC converter configured to output a plurality of regulated voltages, a modulator configured to generate a modulator output voltage at an output based on the plurality of regulated voltages and the envelope of the radio frequency signal, and a modulator output filter coupled between the output of the modulator and the power amplifier supply voltage; and
a composite cascode power amplifier configured to amplify the radio frequency signal and to receive power from the power amplifier supply voltage, the composite cascode power amplifier including an enhancement mode field-effect transistor having a gate configured to receive the radio frequency signal, and a depletion mode field-effect transistor having a source connected to a drain of the enhancement-mode field-effect transistor.

10. The envelope tracking system of claim 9 wherein the enhancement mode field-effect transistor is an n-type metal oxide semiconductor transistor.

11. The envelope tracking system of claim 9 wherein a source of the enhancement mode field-effect transistor is connected to a ground voltage, and a drain of the depletion mode field-effect transistor is connected to an output terminal of the composite cascode power amplifier.

12. The envelope tracking system of claim 11 wherein a gate of the depletion mode transistor is biased by the ground voltage.

13. The envelope tracking system of claim 11 wherein a gate of the depletion mode transistor is biased by a positive voltage above the ground voltage.

14. A method of radio frequency signal amplification in a mobile device, the method comprising:
generating a power amplifier supply voltage based on an envelope of a radio frequency signal using an envelope tracker, generating the power amplifier supply voltage including outputting a plurality of regulated voltages from a DC-to-DC converter, generating a modulator output voltage at an output based on the plurality of regulated voltages and the envelope of the radio frequency signal using a modulator, and filtering the power amplifier supply voltage using a modulator output filter coupled between the output and the power amplifier supply voltage;
powering a composite cascode power amplifier using the power amplifier supply voltage, the composite cascode power amplifier including an enhancement mode field-effect transistor having a gate configured to receive the radio frequency signal, and a depletion mode field-effect transistor having a source connected to a drain of the enhancement-mode field-effect transistor; and
amplifying the radio frequency signal using the composite cascode power amplifier.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the enhancement mode field-effect transistor is a metal oxide semiconductor transistor, and the depletion mode field-effect transistor is a Schottky gate field-effect transistor.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein a source of the enhancement mode field-effect transistor is connected to a ground voltage, the method further comprising biasing a gate of the depletion mode transistor using a positive voltage above the ground voltage.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein a gate of the depletion mode transistor is biased by the ground voltage.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein a gate of the depletion mode transistor is biased by a positive voltage above the ground voltage.

19. The method of claim 14 wherein the composite cascode power amplifier further includes a choke inductor electrically connected between the power amplifier supply voltage and a drain of the depletion mode field-effect transistor.

20. The method of claim 14 wherein the composite cascode power amplifier further includes a gate bias inductor configured to provide a gate bias voltage to the gate of the enhancement mode field-effect transistor.

Assignees

• Skyworks Solutions Inc

Inventors

• Lyalin Aleksey A
• Xu Huiming
• Farahvash Shayan
• Mahnkopf Reinhard Ulrich

Classifications

• H04B1/38 Primary

  Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving · CPC title

• H03F2200/105

  A non-specified detector of the power of a signal being used in an amplifying circuit · CPC title

• H03F2200/451

  the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier · CPC title

• H03F1/0233

  by using a signal derived from the output signal, e.g. bootstrapping the voltage supply · CPC title

• H03F2200/18

  the bias of the gate of a FET being controlled by a control signal · CPC title