Lithium-sulfur battery electrolyte and lithium-sulfur battery comprising same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12183889-B2
Application number	US-202117628457-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 9, 2021
Priority date	Apr 14, 2020
Publication date	Dec 31, 2024
Grant date	Dec 31, 2024

Abstract

An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur battery including a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, and an additive. The non-aqueous organic solvent includes an ether compound and a heterocyclic compound. The heterocyclic compound includes one or more double bonds and comprises an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. The additive includes a carbonate compound.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur battery comprising:
a lithium salt;
a non-aqueous organic solvent; and
an additive,
wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent comprises a linear ether compound and a heterocyclic compound, wherein the heterocyclic compound comprises an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom,
wherein the heterocyclic compound comprises one or more double bonds, and
wherein the additive comprises a carbonate compound;
wherein the carbonate compound comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of bis(4-nitrophenyl)carbonate, bis(2-nitrophenyl)carbonate, 2-(methylsulfonyl)ethyl 4-nitrophenyl carbonate, benzyl 4-nitrophenyl carbonate, 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl 4-nitrophenyl carbonate, vinylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, and allyl methyl carbonate,
wherein the linear ether compound comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, methylethyl ether, methylpropyl ether, ethylpropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, ethylene glycol ethylmethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol methylethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol methylethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol diethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol methylethyl ether, polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether, polyethylene glycol diethyl ether, and polyethylene glycol methylethyl ether, and
wherein the heterocyclic compound comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of furan, 2-methylfuran, 3-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-propylfuran, 2-butylfuran, 2,3-dimethylfuran, 2,4-dimethylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran, pyran, 2-methylpyran, 3-methylpyran, 4-methylpyran, benzofuran, 2-(2-nitrovinyl) furan, thiophene, 2-methylthiophene, 2-ethylthiophene, 2-propylthiophene, 2-butylthiophene, 2,3-dimethylthiophene, 2,4-dimethylthiophene, and 2,5-dimethylthiophene.

2. The electrolyte for the lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonate compound is present in an amount of 0.1% to 10% by weight based on a total of 100% by weight of the electrolyte for the lithium-sulfur battery.

3. The electrolyte for the lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent comprises the heterocyclic compound in a volume ratio of 0.1 to 100, relative to a volume ratio of 100 of the ether compound.

4. The electrolyte for the lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 3 , wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent comprises the heterocyclic compound in a volume ratio of 25 or more to less than 100, relative to a volume ratio of 100 of the ether compound.

5. The electrolyte for the lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 1 , wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a cyclic ether compound, an ester compound, an amide compound, a linear carbonate compound, and a cyclic carbonate compound.

6. A lithium-sulfur battery comprising:
a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material;
a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material; and
the electrolyte according to claim 1 .

7. The lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 6 , wherein the positive electrode active material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of elemental sulfur and a sulfur compound.

8. The lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 6 , wherein the positive electrode active material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of inorganic sulfur, Li 2 S n (n≥1), a disulfide compound, an organic sulfur compound, and a carbon-sulfur polymer having the formula (C 2 S x ) n , where x=2.5 to 50, and n≥2.

9. The lithium-sulfur battery according to claim 6 , wherein the negative electrode active material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium metal and lithium alloy.

Assignees

• Lg Energy Solution Ltd

Inventors

• Han Dong Hyeop
• Park Changhun
• Sohn Kwonnam

Classifications

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title

• H01M2004/028

  Positive electrodes · CPC title

• H01M2004/027

  Negative electrodes · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/581

  Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof · CPC title