Electrochemical sensor including multiple work electrodes and common reference electrode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12138050-B2
Application number	US-202318460271-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 1, 2023
Priority date	Aug 29, 2018
Publication date	Nov 12, 2024
Grant date	Nov 12, 2024

Abstract

A biocompatible medical device may include an electrochemical sensor including a common reference electrode; at least one counter electrode; and a work electrode platform comprising a plurality of respective work electrodes, each respective work electrode electrically coupled to the common reference electrode and comprising a respective reagent substrate configured to react with a respective analyte to produce a respective signal indicative of a concentration of the respective analyte; and processing circuitry operatively coupled to the electrochemical sensor, and configured to receive from the electrochemical sensor a plurality of signals from the plurality of respective work electrodes; identify the respective signal corresponding to a respective selected work electrode; and process the identified signal to determine the concentration of the respective analyte associated with the respective selected work electrode.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A biocompatible medical device comprising:
an electrochemical sensor comprising:
a single common counter electrode;
a plurality of respective work electrodes electrically coupled to the common counter electrode, wherein each respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes comprises a respective reagent substrate configured to react with a respective analyte to produce a respective signal indicative of a concentration of the respective analyte;

processing circuitry operatively coupled to the electrochemical sensor, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to:
receive from the electrochemical sensor a plurality of signals from the plurality of respective work electrodes;
select a respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes;
selectively power a different respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes;
based on selectively powering the different respective work electrode, receive a respective signal of the plurality of signals, wherein the respective signal corresponds to the respective selected work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes; and
determine, based on the received respective signal, the concentration of a respective analyte associated with the respective selected work electrode.

2. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , further comprising a biocompatible housing configured for insertion through skin and into interstitial fluid of a patient, wherein the electrochemical sensor and the processing circuitry are at least one of within or affixed to the housing, and wherein the plurality of respective work electrodes is fluidly coupled to an environment surrounding the biocompatible medical device.

3. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical sensor further comprises a plurality of dielectric barriers, wherein a respective dielectric barrier of the plurality of dielectric barriers is disposed between each pair of adjacent work electrodes.

4. The biocompatible medical device of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of dielectric barriers are integrally formed with the dielectric substrate such that each of a common reference electrode, the common counter electrode, and the plurality of respective work electrodes are disposed within a respective cavity of a plurality of cavities defined by the dielectric substrate.

5. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , further comprising an antenna, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to transmit data representative of the concentration of the respective analyte to an external device via the antenna.

6. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical sensor comprises:
a dielectric substrate defining a first major surface; and
an interconnect layer on the first major surface and defining a second major surface opposing the first major surface, wherein the plurality of respective work electrodes is disposed on the second major surface, and wherein the interconnect layer electrically couples a common reference electrode and the common counter electrode to the plurality of respective work electrodes.

7. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , wherein at least one respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes comprises a membrane disposed on the respective reagent substrate, and wherein the respective membrane is permeable to the respective analyte.

8. The biocompatible medical device of claim 7 , wherein the membrane comprises one of:
a limiting membrane;
a selective ion transfer membrane;
a limiting membrane and a selective ion transfer membrane; or
an ionophore.

9. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , wherein each respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes comprises a respective membrane disposed on the respective reagent substrate, and wherein the respective membrane is selectively permeable to the respective analyte.

10. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of respective work electrodes is electrically coupled in common to the common counter electrode and a single common reference electrode.

11. The biocompatible medical device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of respective work electrodes is electrically connected to a single, common electrical interconnect in the interconnect layer.

12. A biocompatible medical device comprising:
an electrochemical sensor comprising:
a single common reference electrode;
a single common counter electrode adjacent the common reference electrode;
a work electrode platform comprising a plurality of respective work electrodes, wherein each respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes is adjacent at least one other respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes, wherein each respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes comprises a respective reagent substrate configured to react with a respective analyte to produce a respective signal indicative of a concentration of the respective analyte; and
an interconnect layer electrically coupling the common reference electrode and the common counter electrode to each respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes;

a biocompatible housing configured for insertion through skin and into interstitial fluid of a patient, wherein the work electrode platform is stacked on top of the common reference electrode and the common counter electrode within the housing; and
processing circuitry operatively coupled to the electrochemical sensor, wherein the processing circuitry is configured to:
receive from the electrochemical sensor a plurality of signals from the plurality of respective work electrodes;
select a respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes;
selectively power a different respective work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes;
based on selectively powering the different respective work electrode, receive a signal of the plurality of signals, wherein the signal corresponds to the respective selected work electrode of the plurality of respective work electrodes; and
determine, based on the received signal, the concentration of a respective analyte associated with the respective selected work electrode.

13. The biocompatible medical device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of respective work electrodes comprises at least:
a first work electrode comprising a first reagent substrate configured to react with glucose;
a second work electrode comprising a second reagent substrate configured to react with potassium; and
a third work electrode comprising a third reagent substrate configured to react with creatinine.

14. The biocompatible medical device of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of respective work electrodes comprises at least:
a first work electrode comprising a first reagent substrate configured to react with sodium ions;
a second work electrode comprising a second reagent substrate configured to react with chloride ions;
a third work electrode comprising a third reagent substrate configured to react with blood urea nitrogen;
a fourth work electrode comprising a fourth reagent substrate configured to react with glucose;
a fifth work electrode comprising a fifth reagent substrate configured to react with potassium;
a sixth work electrode comprising a sixth reagent substrate configured to react with bicarbonate or carbon dioxide; and
a seventh work electrode comprising a seventh reagent substrate configured to react with cre

Assignees

• Medtronic Inc

Inventors

• Hahn Daniel
• Askarinya Mohsen
• Carney James K
• Kinzie Patrick W
• Lorenz Marckmann Jennifer
• Schulhauser Randal C
• Vaddiraju Santhisagar
• Srinivasan Akhil
• Probst David
• Chavez Gaxiola Alejo

Classifications

• G01N27/3271

  Amperometric enzyme electrodes for analytes in body fluids, e.g. glucose in blood (amperometry per se G01N27/49; aspects concerning the enzyme reagent C12Q1/001) · CPC title

• G01N27/301

  Reference electrodes · CPC title

• A61B5/1486

  using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase · CPC title

• A61B5/14546

  for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes · CPC title

• A61B5/14532

  for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement · CPC title