Trend based battery health estimation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12099095-B2
Application number	US-202318205819-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 5, 2023
Priority date	May 31, 2019
Publication date	Sep 24, 2024
Grant date	Sep 24, 2024

Abstract

A battery characterization system includes a drive-sense circuit (DSC), memory that stores operational instructions, and processing module(s) operably coupled to the DSC and the memory. Based on a reference signal, the DSC generates a charge signal, which includes an AC (alternating current) component, and provides the charge signal to a terminal of a battery via a single line and simultaneously to senses the charge signal via the single line to detect an electrical characteristic of the battery based on a response of the battery. The DSC generates a digital signal representative of the electrical characteristic of the battery. The processing module(s), based on the operational instructions, generate the reference signal to include a frequency sweep of the AC component of the charge signal (e.g., different frequencies at different times or multiple frequencies simultaneously) and processes the digital signal to characterize the battery across the different respective frequencies and generate spectrum analysis (SA) information of the battery.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A battery characterization system comprising:
a drive-sense circuit (DSC), wherein, when enabled, the DSC configured to:
generate a monitoring signal that includes an AC (alternating current) component;
provide, over a charge-discharge cycle of a battery, the monitoring signal to a terminal of the battery via a single line and simultaneously to sense the monitoring signal via the single line, wherein sensing of the monitoring signal includes detection of change of the monitoring signal that is based on change of an electrical characteristic of the battery over the charge-discharge cycle of the battery; and
generate a digital signal representative of the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the charge-discharge cycle of the battery;

memory that stores operational instructions; and
one or more processing modules operably coupled to the DSC and the memory, wherein, when enabled, the one or more processing modules configured to execute the operational instructions to process the digital signal to determine the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.

2. The battery characterization system of claim 1 , wherein:
when enabled, the one or more processing modules is further configured to execute the operational instructions to provide a reference signal to the DSC; and
when enabled, the DSC is further configured to generate the monitoring signal that includes the AC component based on the reference signal.

3. The battery characterization system of claim 1 , wherein the electrical characteristic of the battery is voltage of the battery.

4. The battery characterization system of claim 3 , wherein the voltage of the battery varies between a lower voltage at full discharge and an upper voltage at full charge within the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.

5. The battery characterization system of claim 1 , wherein when enabled, the one or more processing modules is further configured to generate a charge-discharge profile loop corresponding to the charge-discharge cycle that is based on the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the charge-discharge cycle.

6. The battery characterization system of claim 5 , wherein, when enabled, the DSC further configured to:
provide, over a plurality of charge-discharge cycles of the battery including the charge-discharge cycle of the battery, the monitoring signal to the terminal of the battery via the single line and simultaneously to sense the monitoring signal via the single line, wherein sensing of the monitoring signal includes detection of change of the monitoring signal that is based on the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the plurality of charge-discharge cycles of the battery; and
generate the digital signal representative of the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the plurality of charge-discharge cycles of the battery including the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.

7. The battery characterization system of claim 5 , wherein, when enabled, the one or more processing modules is further configured to execute the operational instructions to:
process the digital signal to determine the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over a plurality of charge-discharge cycles of the battery including the charge-discharge cycle of the battery;
generate a plurality of charge-discharge profile loops corresponding to the plurality of charge-discharge cycles including the charge-discharge profile loop corresponding to the charge-discharge cycle; and
determine charge-discharge profile loop change over the plurality of charge-discharge profile loops.

8. The battery characterization system of claim 7 , wherein, when enabled, the one or more processing modules is further configured to execute the operational instructions to:
estimate battery health based on the charge-discharge profile loop change over the plurality of charge-discharge profile loops.

9. The battery characterization system of claim 7 , wherein the electrical characteristic of the battery is voltage of the battery, and wherein, when enabled, the one or more processing modules is further configured to execute the operational instructions to:
identify a first lower voltage of the battery at full discharge within a first charge-discharge cycle of the plurality of charge-discharge cycles of the battery;
identify a second lower voltage of the battery at full discharge within a second charge-discharge cycle of the plurality of charge-discharge cycles of the battery; and
determine the charge-discharge profile loop change over the plurality of charge-discharge profile loops based on a first difference between the first lower voltage of the battery at full discharge and the second lower voltage of the battery at full discharge.

10. The battery characterization system of claim 1 , wherein the battery configured to service and provide energy to one or more loads during at least one of charging or discharging within the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.

11. The battery characterization system of claim 1 , wherein the DSC further comprising:
a comparator configured to:
receive a reference signal from the one or more processing modules at a first comparator input and to drive the monitoring signal from a second comparator input to the terminal of the battery via the single line; and
generate an output comparator signal based on the reference signal and the monitoring signal;

a dependent current source operably coupled to source a current to the terminal of the battery via the single line based on control from the output comparator signal; and
an analog to digital converter (ADC) operably coupled to a comparator output of the comparator, wherein, when enabled, the ADC operably coupled and configured to process the output comparator signal to generate the digital signal representative of the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.

12. The battery characterization system of claim 1 , wherein the DSC further comprises:
a power source circuit operably coupled to the terminal of the battery via the single line, wherein, when enabled, the power source circuit is configured to provide the monitoring signal that includes the AC component via the single line coupling to the terminal of the battery, and wherein the monitoring signal includes a DC (direct current) component and the AC component; and
a power source change detection circuit operably coupled to the power source circuit, wherein, when enabled, the power source change detection circuit is configured to:
detect an effect on the monitoring signal that is based on the electrical characteristic of the battery; and
generate the digital signal representative of the change of the electrical characteristic of the battery over the charge-discharge cycle of the battery.

13. The battery characterization system of claim 12 further comprising:
the power source circuit including a power source to source at least one of a voltage or a current to the terminal of the battery via the single line; and
the power source change detection circuit including:
a power source reference circuit configured to provide at least one of a voltage reference or a current reference based on a reference signal; and
a comparator configured to compare the at least one of the voltage or the current provided to the terminal of the battery via the single line to the at least one of the voltage reference or the current reference to produce the monitoring signal.

Assignees

• Sigmasense Llc
• Sigmasence Llc

Inventors

• Gray Patrick Troy
• Morrison Gerald Dale
• Olley Michael Frederick David
• Van Ostrand Daniel Keith
• Seger Jr Richard Stuart

Classifications

• H02J7/80

  including monitoring or indicating arrangements · CPC title

• G01R31/382

  Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC · CPC title

• G01R31/371

  with remote indication, e.g. on external chargers · CPC title

• G01R31/392

  Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health · CPC title

• G01R31/396

  Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery · CPC title