Precise time management using local time base

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-12028437-B2
Application number	US-202318311129-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 2, 2023
Priority date	Sep 11, 2020
Publication date	Jul 2, 2024
Grant date	Jul 2, 2024

Abstract

A method and apparatus for synchronizing a timebase is disclosed. A timebase management circuit includes limit circuitry, in a first clock domain, which generates, based on a global timebase, an initial timebase limit. The timebase management circuit includes, in a second clock domain, adjustment circuitry that generates an adjusted timebase limit based on the initial timebase limit. A storage circuit in the second clock domain stores a local timebase. Update circuitry, coupled to an output of the storage circuit, generates an updated local timebase using a clock signal in the second clock domain, wherein the updated local timebase is subject to the adjusted timebase limit.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus comprising:
a limit circuit configured to generate an initial timebase limit based on a global timebase, wherein the limit circuit is configured to operate according to a first clock signal having a first frequency;
an adjustment circuit configured to, using a second clock signal operating having a second frequency, generate an adjusted timebase limit based on the initial timebase limit; and
an update circuit configured to update a value of a first local timebase, using the second clock signal and the adjusted timebase limit, wherein, in updating the value of the first local timebase, the update circuit is configured to increment the first local timebase by an increment size dependent upon a relationship between a value of the first local timebase and the global timebase at a synchronization event.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the update circuit, in updating the value of the first local timebase, is configured to:
increment the first local timebase by an increment size smaller than a standard increment size for a first number of periods of the second clock signal in response to saturating the first local timebase prior to a first instance of the synchronization event; and
increment the first local timebase by an increment size greater than the standard increment size for a second number of periods of the second clock signal in response to the first local timebase lagging the global timebase at a second instance of the synchronization event.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the update circuit, in updating the value of the first local timebase, is configured to increment the first local timebase at the standard increment size in response to determining, at a third instance of the synchronization event, that the first local timebase is not saturated and is not lagging the global timebase by more than a limit value.

4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the update circuit further includes:
a maximum limit circuit configured to determine if the first local timebase is leading the global timebase by at least the adjusted timebase limit prior to the first instance of the synchronization event; and
a minimum limit circuit configured to determine if the first local timebase is lagging the global timebase by the adjusted timebase limit prior to the second instance of the synchronization event.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the limit circuit includes a divider circuit configured to generate the initial timebase limit by:
calculating a sum of the global timebase and an adjustment factor; and
dividing the sum by a ratio of the first frequency to the second frequency, wherein the ratio of the first frequency to the second frequency is a non-integer value.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the adjustment factor corresponds to a latency for synchronizing the initial timebase limit to the adjusted timebase limit across a boundary between a first clock domain that operates according to the first clock signal and a second clock domain that operates according to the second clock signal, wherein the latency is measured in a number of periods of the first clock signal.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a synchronization circuit coupled to receive the first and second clock signals, wherein the synchronization circuit is configured to, once every N cycles of the first clock signal, output a control signal synchronized to the second clock signal to cause an instance of the synchronization event.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the update circuit is implemented on a first integrated circuit, and wherein the apparatus further comprises a second integrated circuit including:
a peripheral interface circuit configured to receive and store the first local timebase from the first integrated circuit, wherein the peripheral interface circuit is configured to operate according to a third clock signal;
a peripheral control circuit configured to operate according to a fourth clock signal and further configured to maintain, based on the first local timebase, a second local timebase, wherein maintaining the second local timebase comprises the peripheral control circuit determining phase and frequency differences of the third and fourth clock signals; and
a peripheral logic circuit configured to perform, operating in accordance with the fourth clock signal, operations that utilize a timestamp from the second local timebase, wherein the timestamp from the second local timebase accounts for correlation with the first local timebase.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the peripheral control circuit is configured to cause the peripheral interface circuit to conduct one or more exchanges with the first integrated circuit in order to correlate the first local timebase to the global timebase, and further configured to determine the correlation between the second local timebase to the first local timebase in response to completing the correlation between the first local timebase and the global timebase.

10. A method comprising:
generating, using a limit circuit operating according to a first clock signal, an initial timebase limit based on a global timebase, wherein the first clock signal has a first frequency;
generating, using an adjustment circuit operating according to a second clock signal, an adjusted timebase limit based on the initial timebase limit, wherein the second clock signal has a second frequency; and
updating, using an update circuit operating according to the second clock signal, a value of a first local timebase based on the adjusted timebase limit, wherein the updating comprises the update circuit incrementing the first local timebase by an increment size that is dependent upon a relationship between a value of the first local timebase and the global timebase at a synchronization event.

11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
incrementing the first local timebase by an increment size smaller than a standard increment size for a first number of periods of the second clock signal in response to saturating the first local timebase prior to a first instance of the synchronization event; and
incrementing the first local timebase by an increment size greater than the standard increment size for a second number of periods of the second clock signal in response to the first local timebase lagging the global timebase at a second instance of the synchronization event.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising incrementing the first local timebase at the standard increment size in response to determining, at a third instance of the synchronization event, that the first local timebase is not saturated and is not lagging the global timebase by more than a limit value.

13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
determining, using a maximum limit circuit, if the first local timebase is leading the global timebase by at least the adjusted timebase limit prior to the first instance of the synchronization event; and
determining, using a minimum limit circuit, if the first local timebase is lagging the global timebase by the adjusted timebase limit prior to the second instance of the synchronization event.

14. The method of claim 10 , wherein generating the initial timebase limit includes:
calculating a sum of the global timebase and an adjustment factor; and
dividing the sum by a ratio of the first frequency to the second frequency, wherein the ratio is a non-integer value.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the adjustment factor corresponds to a latency for synchronizing the initial timebase limit to the adjusted timebase limit acros

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Finan Christopher D
• Ukanwa Alexander
• Dominguez Charles F
• Allegrucci Jean-Didier
• Irwin Jeffrey J
• Bansal Kalpana
• Bekerman Michael
• Clavel Remi

Classifications

• G06F1/12

  Synchronisation of different clock signals {provided by a plurality of clock generators} · CPC title

• H04L7/0008

  Synchronisation information channels, e.g. clock distribution lines · CPC title

• G06F2205/061

  Adapt frequency, i.e. clock frequency at one side is adapted to clock frequency, or average clock frequency, at the other side; Not pulse stuffing only · CPC title

• H04L7/0016 Primary

  correction of synchronization errors · CPC title

• G06F5/06 Primary

  for changing the speed of data flow, i.e. speed regularising {or timing, e.g. delay lines, FIFO buffers; over- or underrun control therefor (G06F7/78 takes precedence)} · CPC title