Waveguide diffusers for LIDARs

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11867808-B2
Application number	US-202217982078-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 7, 2022
Priority date	Sep 25, 2018
Publication date	Jan 9, 2024
Grant date	Jan 9, 2024

Abstract

One example system comprises a light source configured to emit light. The system also comprises a waveguide configured to guide the emitted light from a first end of the waveguide toward a second end of the waveguide. The waveguide has an output surface between the first end and the second end. The system also comprises a plurality of mirrors including a first mirror and a second mirror. The first mirror reflects a first portion of the light toward the output surface. The second mirror reflects a second portion of the light toward the output surface. The first portion propagates out of the output surface toward a scene as a first transmitted light beam. The second portion propagates out of the output surface toward the scene as a second transmitted light beam.

First claim

What is claimed:

1. A system comprising:
a light emitter configured to emit light;
a waveguide having a first end, a second end, and an output surface between the first end and the second end;
an input mirror coupled to the first end of the waveguide, wherein the input mirror is configured to reflect the emitted light from the light emitter into the waveguide, such that the waveguide guides the emitted light toward the second end as guided light; and
an output mirror coupled to the second end of the waveguide, wherein the output mirror is configured to reflect at least a portion of the guided light out of the waveguide through the output surface, wherein the light reflected out of the waveguide by the output mirror propagates toward a scene as a transmitted light beam.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the light emitter is a laser diode.

3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a light detector configured to receive light from the scene.

4. The system of claim 3 , further comprising:
a lens configured to focus the light from the scene toward the light detector.

5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the lens is further configured to direct the transmitted light beam toward the scene.

6. The system of claim 5 , further comprising an opaque material that includes an aperture, wherein the aperture is positioned between the lens and the light detector such that the light detector receives the focused light via the aperture.

7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the output mirror is positioned between the aperture and the light detector, and wherein the lens receives the transmitted light beam via the aperture.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the input mirror receives the emitted light from the light emitter via the output surface of the waveguide.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the input mirror is tilted in a first direction toward the output surface of the waveguide, and wherein the output mirror is tilted in a second direction toward the output surface of the waveguide.

10. The system of claim 9 , further comprising:
a substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the output surface of the waveguide is mounted on the first side of the substrate.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the light emitter is mounted on the second side of the substrate.

12. A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) device comprising:
a light emitter configured to emit light;
a waveguide having a first end, a second end, and an output surface between the first end and the second end;
an input mirror coupled to the first end of the waveguide, wherein the input mirror is configured to reflect the emitted light from the light emitter into the waveguide, such that the waveguide guides the emitted light toward the second end as guided light;
an output mirror coupled to the second end of the waveguide, wherein the output mirror is configured to reflect at least a portion of the guided light out of the waveguide through the output surface, wherein the light reflected out of the waveguide by the output mirror propagates toward a scene as a transmitted light beam; and
a light detector configured to receive light from the scene.

13. The LIDAR device of claim 12 , further comprising:
a lens configured to focus the light from the scene toward the light detector.

14. The LIDAR device of claim 13 , wherein the lens is further configured to direct the transmitted light beam toward the scene.

15. The LIDAR device of claim 14 , further comprising an opaque material that includes an aperture, wherein the aperture is positioned between the lens and the light detector such that the light detector receives the focused light via the aperture.

16. The LIDAR device of claim 15 , wherein the output mirror is positioned between the aperture and the light detector, and wherein the lens receives the transmitted light beam via the aperture.

17. The LIDAR device of claim 12 , wherein the input mirror receives the emitted light from the light emitter via the output surface of the waveguide.

18. The LIDAR device of claim 17 , wherein the input mirror is tilted in a first direction toward the output surface of the waveguide, and wherein the output mirror is tilted in a second direction toward the output surface of the waveguide.

19. The LIDAR device of claim 18 , further comprising:
a substrate having a first side and a second side opposite the first side, wherein the output surface of the waveguide is mounted on the first side of the substrate.

20. The LIDAR device of claim 19 , wherein the light emitter is mounted on the second side of the substrate.

Assignees

• Waymo Llc

Inventors

• Droz Pierre-Yves
• Hutchison David Neil
• Dunphy James
• Golshan Nathaniel
• Shepard Ralph Hamilton

Classifications

• G01S7/4812 Primary

  transmitted and received beams following a coaxial path · CPC title

• G01S7/4818 Primary

  using optical fibres · CPC title

• G01S17/02 Primary

  Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves (G01S17/66 takes precedence) · CPC title

• G02B6/122

  Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths · CPC title

• G02B27/0955

  Lenses (lenses per se G02B3/00) · CPC title