Battery cell including an inorganic, melt-infiltrated, solid-state electrolyte

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11837697-B2
Application number	US-202218054023-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Nov 9, 2022
Priority date	Dec 12, 2019
Publication date	Dec 5, 2023
Grant date	Dec 5, 2023

Abstract

In an aspect, a solid-state Li-ion battery (SSLB) cell, may comprise an anode electrode comprising an anode electrode surface and an anode active material, a cathode electrode comprising a cathode electrode surface and an cathode active material, and an inorganic, melt-infiltrated, solid state electrolyte (SSE) ionically coupling the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the electrode surfaces comprises an interphase layer separating the respective electrode active material from direct contact with the SSE, and wherein the interphase layer comprises two or more metals from the list of: Zr, Al, K, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Y, La or non-La lanthanoids, Ta, Zr, Hf, and Nb.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A solid-state metal battery cell, comprising:
an anode electrode comprising an anode active material;
a cathode electrode comprising a cathode active material; and
a melt-infiltrated, solid state electrolyte (SSE) ionically coupling the anode electrode and the cathode electrode,
wherein the anode active material comprises a metal,
wherein the SSE comprises a metal halide and an ionic liquid, and
wherein the SSE is melt-infiltrated into the solid-state battery cell via a molten SSE composition that comprises the metal halide and the ionic liquid.

2. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material is of an intercalation-type.

3. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material intercalates one or more of the following ions during battery discharge:
Li ions, Na ions, K ions, and Cs ions.

4. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 3 , wherein the cathode active material comprises one or more of the following metals in its composition: Fe, Mn, and Ni.

5. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the anode electrode comprises carbon in its composition.

6. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 5 , wherein the carbon is in a form of one or more of the following: activated porous carbon, templated porous carbon, porous carbon, graphene, multi-layered graphene, graphene oxide, multi-layered graphene oxide, carbon oxide, and carbon nitride.

7. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 5 , wherein the carbon is doped by nitrogen, potassium, or boron.

8. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the anode electrode comprises Si in its composition.

9. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein a volume fraction of active material particles that comprise the cathode active material in the cathode electrode ranges from about 60 vol. % to about 96 vol. %.

10. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein a volume fraction of active material particles that comprise the anode active material in the anode electrode ranges from about 65 vol. % to about 98 vol. %.

11. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the SSE comprises one or more of the following: a metal oxide, a metal oxyfluoride, a thermally stable polymer, a polymer coated with or infiltrated with ceramic, and a mixture of any of the foregoing.

12. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , the SSE comprises one or more of the following: particles, nanoparticles, fibers, nanofibers, nanowires, whiskers, nanoflakes, nanoplatelets, and nonwoven particles.

13. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the SSE comprises about 0.5 at. % or more of one or more of the following: Cl, F, Br, and I.

14. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the SSE comprises more than about 5 at. % of Cl.

15. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the SSE comprises about 0.5 at. % or more of one or more of the following: H, Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sc, Y, La, non-La lanthanoid, B, and Al.

16. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 15 , wherein the SSE comprises 5 at. % or more of one or more of the following: H, Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sc, Y, La, non-La lanthanoid, B, and Al.

17. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 16 , wherein the SSE comprises 10 at. % or more of one or more of the following: H, Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sc, Y, La, non-La lanthanoid, B, and Al.

18. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein an areal electrode capacity loading of the anode electrode, the cathode electrode, or both, exceeds about 2 mAh/cm 2 .

19. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the solid-state metal battery cell undergoes a first charge at a temperature that is above about ⅔ of a melting point of the SSE, in kelvin (K).

20. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the solid-state metal battery cell undergoes a first discharge at a temperature that is above about ⅔ of a melting point of the SSE, in kelvin (K).

21. The solid-state metal battery cell of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid comprises one or more of the following: 1-butyl 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-hexyl 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl 2-methyl 3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl 2-methyl 3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-methyl 2-methylimidazolium bis(trifluromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-butyl 3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluromethylsulfonyl)imide.

Assignees

• Sila Nanotechnologies Inc
• Georgia Tech Res Inst

Inventors

• Yushin Gleb
• Xiao Yiran
• Turcheniuk Kostiantyn

Classifications

• H01M10/0562 Primary

  Solid materials · CPC title

• H01M4/0428

  Chemical vapour deposition · CPC title

• H01M4/505

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/623

  fluorinated polymers · CPC title