Composite material

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11420904-B2
Application number	US-201716469631-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 15, 2017
Priority date	Dec 16, 2016
Publication date	Aug 23, 2022
Grant date	Aug 23, 2022

Abstract

A coated fibre comprising a fibre and a coating, wherein the coating comprises nanoplatelets and a polymer, wherein the coating has a layered structure comprising at least two bilayers, each bilayer comprising a nanoplatelet layer and a polymer layer is described. A composite material comprising a plurality of coated fibres and a matrix is also described.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A coated fiber comprising a fiber and a coating, wherein the coating comprises nanoplatelets and a polymer, wherein the coating has a layered structure comprising at least two bilayers, each bilayer comprising a nanoplatelet layer and a polymer layer;
wherein the nanoplatelets have an average width less than or equal to W p,max , wherein W p,max is a maximum platelet width that is determined according to the formula:

w

p
,
max

=

2
⁢

r
.

arccos
⁡

(

r

r
+

Δ
⁢

⁢

d
polymer

)

(
1
)

wherein r is the fiber diameter in nanometers, and Δd polymer is half the thickness of the polymer layer.

2. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelet and polymer layers are alternating and the coating comprises at least 10 bilayers.

3. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelet layer is a nanoplatelet monolayer.

4. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of the coating is a polyelectrolyte.

5. The coated fiber of claim 4 , wherein the polyelectrolyte is a polyanionic polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(styrene sulfonate), poly(acrylic acid), poly(methacrylic acid), poly(vinyl sulfonate), poly(phosphoric acid), poly(vinylphosphoric acid), poly(phosphonic acid), poly(vinylphosphonic acid), and a combination thereof.

6. The coated fiber of claim 5 , wherein the polyanionic polymer is poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate).

7. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelets comprise inorganic material selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide (MgO), aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), a silicate, an aluminosilicate, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC), carbon nitride (C 3 N 4 ), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), graphene, a metal carbide, an MXene, a layered double hydroxide and a combination thereof.

8. The coated fiber of claim 7 , wherein the nanoplatelets comprise a layered double hydroxide of general formula [Mg 2 Al(OH) 6 ]CO 3 .yH 2 O, wherein y is a variable amount of water.

9. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the coated fiber further comprises a precursor layer, wherein said precursor layer is disposed between the fiber and the coating.

10. The coated fiber of claim 9 , wherein the precursor layer comprises a polymer.

11. The coated fiber of claim 10 , wherein the polymer of the precursor layer comprises a polyelectrolyte.

12. The coated fiber of claim 11 , wherein the polyelectrolyte is a polycationic polymer.

13. The coated fiber of claim 12 , wherein the polycationic polymer is poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA).

14. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein

w

p
,
max

=

2
⁢

r
.

arccos
⁡

(

r

r
+

0.75
⁢

⁢
nm

)

.

15. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber has a diameter in the range of about 5-20 μm.

16. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelets have an aspect ratio of at least about 5 and up to a maximum of about 45.

17. The coated fiber of claim 16 , wherein the nanoplatelets have an aspect ratio of about 7 to about 12.

18. The coated fiber of claim 17 , wherein the aspect ratio is lower than the critical value, s c , as described below,

s
c

=

σ
p

τ
y

where σ p and τ y are the platelet tensile stress and interface yield shear strength, respectively.

19. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelets have an average width of from about 100 nm to about 500 nm and an average thickness of from about 10 nm to about 30 nm.

20. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelets have a width size distribution which has a standard deviation of less than 40% and/or a thickness size distribution which has a standard deviation of less than 20%.

21. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the nanoplatelets have a thickness of about 10 nm to about 50 nm, and wherein the nanoplatelets have an average lateral width of from about 20 nm to about 500 nm.

22. A coated fiber comprising a fiber and a coating, wherein the coating comprises nanoplatelets and a polymer, wherein the coating has a layered structure comprising at least two bilayers, each bilayer comprising a nanoplatelet layer and a polymer layer;
wherein the fiber has a diameter of 5-10 μm, and wherein the nanoplatelets have an average width of no more than 200 nm and an aspect ratio of 7 to 12.

23. The coated fiber of claim 1 , wherein the volume ratio of nanoplatelet to polymer is about 80:20 to about 95:5.

24. A coated fiber comprising a fiber and a coating, wherein the coating co

Assignees

• Imperial College Sci Tech & Medicine

Inventors

• De Luca Francois
• Shaffer Milo Sebastian Peter
• Bismarck Alexander

Classifications

• C08J5/08

  glass fibres · CPC title

• D06M11/50

  with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts · CPC title

• D06M11/55

  with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts · CPC title

• C03C25/28 Primary

  obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds · CPC title

• C03C25/47 Primary

  containing particles, fibres or flakes, e.g. in a continuous phase · CPC title