Metal-air battery

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11258122-B2
Application number	US-201916544981-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 20, 2019
Priority date	Sep 14, 2018
Publication date	Feb 22, 2022
Grant date	Feb 22, 2022

Abstract

A metal-air battery includes: an anode including a metal; a cathode spaced apart from the anode; and a separator between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode includes a first cathode layer including a first conductive material, and a second cathode layer disposed on the first cathode layer, the second cathode layer including a second conductive material, and wherein the first cathode layer provides a metal ion conduction path and the second cathode layer provides an electron transfer path.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A metal-air battery comprising:
an anode comprising a metal;
a cathode spaced apart from the anode; and
a separator between the anode and the cathode,
wherein the cathode comprises
a first cathode layer comprising a first conductive material, and
a second cathode layer disposed on the first cathode layer, the second cathode layer comprising a second conductive material, and

wherein the first conductive material and the second conductive material comprise same material including a lithium oxide, a sodium oxide, or a combination thereof, and
wherein a composition ration of the lithium oxide, the sodium oxide, or the combination thereof contained in the first conductive material and a composition ratio of the lithium oxide, the sodium oxide, or the combination thereof contained in the second conductive material are different.

2. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the second cathode layer is on a portion of the first cathode layer.

3. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein:
a cation conductivity of the first cathode layer is greater than an electron conductivity of the first cathode layer,
an electron conductivity of the second cathode layer is greater than a cation conductivity of the second cathode layer,
the electron conductivity of the second cathode layer is greater than the electron conductivity of the first cathode layer, and
the cation conductivity of the first cathode layer is greater than the cation conductivity of the second cathode layer.

4. The metal-air battery of claim 1 ,
wherein the cathode satisfies equation 1:
0< R 1 h+R 2 l≤ 5  (1)

where R 1 is an ion resistance of the first cathode layer in ohms, R 2 is an ion resistance of the second cathode layer in ohms, h is a thickness of the first cathode layer in centimeters, and l is a thickness of the second cathode layer in centimeters.

5. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises a pore-containing layer comprising a pore.

6. The metal-air battery of claim 5 , wherein a porosity of the pore-containing layer is less than or equal to about 90 volume percent.

7. The metal-air battery of claim 5 , wherein a specific surface area of the pore-containing layer is greater than or equal to about 10 square meters per gram.

8. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive material comprises lithium titanium oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, lithium zinc germanium oxide, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, or a combination thereof, and
the second conductive material comprises lithium titanium oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, a reduced material thereof, or a combination thereof.

9. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive material and the second conductive material independently comprise an inorganic material having a perovskite structure, an anti-perovskite structure, a layered structure, a spinel structure, a sodium super ionic conductor type structure, or a combination thereof.

10. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the first conductive material and the second conductive material each comprise an inorganic solid compound.

11. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises an organic electrolyte-free electrode.

12. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises an empty space configured to receive a reaction product produced by the electrochemical reaction, and the empty space comprises an electrolyte-free region.

13. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , further comprising a gas diffusion layer disposed on a surface of the second cathode layer.

14. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein the separator comprises a solid electrolyte.

15. The metal-air battery of claim 1 , wherein:
an electron conductivity of the first cathode layer is greater than a cation conductivity of the first cathode layer,
a cation conductivity of the second cathode layer is greater than an electron conductivity of the second cathode layer,
the electron conductivity of the first cathode layer is greater than the electron conductivity of the second cathode layer, and
the cation conductivity of the second cathode layer is greater than the cation conductivity of the first cathode layer.

16. The metal-air battery of claim 15 , wherein the cathode comprises a pore-containing layer comprising a pore.

17. The metal-air battery of claim 16 , wherein a porosity of the pore-containing layer is less than or equal to about 90 volume percent.

18. The metal-air battery of claim 16 , wherein a specific surface area of the pore-containing layer is greater than or equal to about 10 square meters per gram.

19. The metal-air battery of claim 15 , wherein the first conductive material comprises a lithium titanium oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, lithium zinc germanium oxide, lithium phosphorus oxynitride, or a combination thereof, and
the second conductive material comprises lithium manganese oxide, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese nickel oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, lithium lanthanum titanium oxide, lithium aluminum titanium phosphate, a reduced material thereof, or a combination thereof.

20. The metal-air battery of claim 15 , wherein the cathode comprises an organic electrolyte-free electrode.

21. The metal-air battery of claim 15 , wherein the cathode comprises an empty space configured to receive a reaction product produced by the electrochemical reaction, and the empty space comprises an electrolyte-free region.

22. The metal-air battery of claim 15 , further comprising a gas diffusion layer disposed on a surface of the third cathode layer.

23. The metal-air battery of claim 15 , wherein the separator comprises a solid electrolyte.

Assignees

• Samsung Electronics Co Ltd

Inventors

• Lee Heungchan
• Ma Sangbok
• Im Dongmin

Classifications

• H01M2300/0065

  Solid electrolytes · CPC title

• H01M50/411

  Organic material · CPC title

• H01M4/8663

  Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for catalytic active masses, e.g. binders, fillers · CPC title

• H01M12/08 Primary

  composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type · CPC title

• H01M4/8673

  Electrically conductive fillers · CPC title