Combined crushing super-variable-diameter drill bit for natural gas hydrate exploitation

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11199050-B2
Application number	US-202017086398-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Oct 31, 2020
Priority date	Nov 8, 2019
Publication date	Dec 14, 2021
Grant date	Dec 14, 2021

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combined crushing super-variable-diameter drill bit for natural gas hydrate exploitation, including a joint, an outer cylinder connected to the joint by thread, a nozzle I mounted in the outer cylinder, a mechanical locking mechanism, a blade telescoping mechanism, an end cap connected to the outer cylinder by thread, a seal ring IV mounted to the end cap, and a nozzle II mounted in the end cap by threaded connection. The present invention achieves integrated operation of conventional drilling and draw-back expanding, which can effectively solve the problems that the existing hydrate drill bit cannot drill a large borehole, cannot mechanically lock an extending position of the blade to stabilize the size of the borehole, and a single crushing method is inefficient.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A combined crushing super-variable-diameter drill bit for natural gas hydrate exploitation, comprising: a joint ( 1 ), an outer cylinder ( 2 ) connected to the joint ( 1 ) by thread, a nozzle I ( 17 ) mounted in the outer cylinder ( 2 ), a mechanical locking mechanism, a blade telescoping mechanism, an end cap ( 13 ) connected to the outer cylinder ( 2 ) by thread, a seal ring IV ( 12 ) mounted to the end cap ( 13 ), and three nozzles II ( 18 ) mounted in the end cap ( 13 ) by threaded connection, wherein an upper portion of the outer cylinder ( 2 ) is provided with a seal ring groove I ( 201 ), a middle-upper portion of the outer cylinder ( 2 ) is provided with a step I ( 202 ), three raised jaws ( 203 ) are circumferentially distributed in a middle portion of the outer cylinder ( 2 ), a seal ring groove II ( 204 ) is disposed below the jaws ( 203 ), three sets of nozzle holes I ( 205 ) are circumferentially disposed below the seal ring groove II ( 204 ), there are 4 holes for each set of the nozzle holes I ( 205 ), a seal ring groove III ( 206 ) is disposed below the nozzle holes I ( 205 ), three rectangular through holes ( 207 ) are circumferentially disposed in a middle-lower portion of the outer cylinder ( 2 ), a lower portion of the rectangular through holes ( 207 ) is provided with a chute ( 209 ), and a step II ( 208 ) is disposed in an inner lower portion of the outer cylinder ( 2 );
the mechanical locking mechanism comprises a pressure cylinder ( 3 ), a seal ring I ( 4 ), a spring I ( 5 ), a jaw sleeve ( 6 ), a seal ring II ( 7 ), and a seal ring III ( 8 ), an upper end of the pressure cylinder ( 3 ) abuts a lower end face of the joint ( 1 ) positioned above the pressure cylinder ( 3 ), the seal ring I ( 4 ) is disposed between the pressure cylinder ( 3 ) and the outer cylinder ( 2 ), the spring I ( 5 ) is located in the outer cylinder ( 2 ) and two ends thereof are respectively connected between a step III ( 302 ) of the pressure cylinder ( 3 ) and the step II ( 208 ) inside the outer cylinder ( 2 ), the pressure cylinder ( 3 ) is in contact with the jaw sleeve ( 6 ), and the seal ring II ( 7 ) and the seal ring III ( 8 ) are disposed between the jaw sleeve ( 6 ) and the outer cylinder ( 2 );
the blade telescoping mechanism comprises a thrust ball bearing ( 9 ), a sliding cylinder ( 10 ), a spring II ( 11 ), a plurality of blades ( 14 ), a secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ), and a blade connecting base ( 16 ), the thrust ball bearing ( 9 ) is mounted between the jaw sleeve ( 6 ) and the sliding cylinder ( 10 ), the sliding cylinder ( 10 ) is in clearance fit with the jaw sleeve ( 6 ), the spring II ( 11 ) is connected between the sliding cylinder ( 10 ) and the step II ( 208 ) in the outer cylinder ( 2 ), the blade connecting base ( 16 ) is connected to the sliding cylinder ( 10 ) by bolt, upper and lower ends of the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ) are respectively connected to one of the plurality of blades ( 14 ) and the outer cylinder ( 2 ) by bolt, the plurality of blades ( 14 ) are connected to the blade connecting base ( 16 ) by bolt, wherein the upper end of the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ) is provided with a through hole III ( 1501 ), a left side of the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ) is provided with two rows of raised crushing teeth ( 1502 ) and two rows of notches ( 1503 ), each row of the crushing teeth ( 1502 ) being adjacent to one of the two rows of notches ( 1503 ) and the two rows of notches ( 1503 ) being symmetrically arranged relative to the two row of crushing teeth ( 1502 ), the lower end of the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ) is provided with a through hole IV ( 1504 ), and a groove I ( 1505 ) is disposed in the middle of the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ), to make the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ) take the shape of a fork;
an upper end of the end cap ( 13 ) is provided with a seal ring groove IV ( 1301 ) for receiving the seal ring IV ( 12 ), the middle of the end cap ( 13 ) is provided with a step V ( 1302 ), and the end cap ( 13 ) is circumferentially provided with three nozzle holes II ( 1303 ); and
the nozzles II ( 18 ) are mounted in the nozzle holes II ( 1303 ) in the end cap ( 13 ), wherein in one of the nozzle holes II ( 1303 ) one of the nozzles II ( 18 ) is mounted.

2. The combined crushing super-variable-diameter drill bit for natural gas hydrate exploitation according to claim 1 , wherein in the mechanical locking mechanism, the pressure cylinder ( 3 ) is provided with a necked step opening ( 301 ), the step III ( 302 ), three recesses ( 303 ), and three helical surfaces I ( 305 ), the necked step opening ( 301 ) is disposed on the inside of the pressure cylinder ( 3 ), the step III ( 302 ) is disposed on the outside of the pressure cylinder ( 3 ), the three recesses ( 303 ) are disposed along a circumferential direction of an outer wall of the pressure cylinder ( 3 ), the three helical surfaces I ( 305 ) are disposed at a lower end of the pressure cylinder ( 3 ), and three sections ( 304 ) are disposed on the three helical surfaces I ( 305 );
an upper end of the jaw sleeve ( 6 ) is provided with six helical surfaces II ( 601 ), three sections ( 602 ), three gaps ( 603 ), and a step IV ( 604 ), the three sections ( 602 ) and the three gaps ( 603 ) are intersected between every two helical surfaces II ( 601 ), and the step IV ( 604 ) is disposed in the middle of the jaw sleeve ( 6 ); and
the recesses ( 303 ) match with the jaws ( 203 ), and the helical surfaces I ( 305 ) on the pressure cylinder ( 3 ) are in contact with the helical surfaces II ( 601 ) on the jaw sleeve ( 6 ).

3. The combined crushing super-variable-diameter drill bit for natural gas hydrate exploitation according to claim 1 , wherein in the blade telescoping mechanism, each of the plurality of blades ( 14 ) comprises a through hole I ( 1401 ), cutting teeth ( 1402 ), flat teeth ( 1403 ), a through hole II ( 1404 ), a triangular groove ( 1405 ), flat teeth ( 1406 ), and ball teeth ( 1407 ), the through hole I ( 1401 ) is disposed on an upper end of one of the plurality of blades ( 14 ), the cutting teeth ( 1402 ) are uniformly disposed along edges of one of the plurality of blades ( 14 ), two rows of flat teeth ( 1403 ) are disposed on an outer side of one of the plurality of blades ( 14 ), the through hole II ( 1404 ) is disposed in a middle portion of one of the plurality of blades ( 14 ), the triangular groove ( 1405 ) is disposed on one of the plurality of blades ( 14 ), the flat teeth ( 1406 ) of the plurality of blades ( 14 ) are disposed a lower outer side of the plurality of blade ( 14 ), and the ball teeth ( 1407 ) are disposed at a lower ends of the plurality of blade ( 14 ); the blade connecting base ( 16 ) is provided with a bolt through hole ( 1601 ), a through hole V ( 1602 ), and a groove II ( 1603 ); the blade connecting base ( 16 ) is connected to the sliding cylinder ( 10 ) through a bolt through hole ( 1601 ) by using a bolt, the through hole I ( 1401 ) is connected to the through hole V ( 1602 ) by bolt, to make the plurality of blades ( 14 ) connected to the blade connecting base ( 16 ), the through hole II ( 1404 ) is connected to the through hole III ( 1501 ), to make the middle portions of the plurality of blades ( 14 ) connected to the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ), and the secondary crushing connecting rod ( 15 ) is connected to the outer cylinder ( 2 ) through the through hole IV ( 1504 ).

4. The combined crushing super-variable-diameter drill bit for natural gas hydrate exploitation according to claim 1 , wherein when the device is drilling, the plurality of blades ( 14 ) are closed, front ends of plurality of blades ( 14 ) form a drill bit to drill forward, and the nozzle II ( 18 ) assists in crushing; when the drill bit

Assignees

• Southern Marine Science And Eng Guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang
• Univ Southwest Petroleum

Inventors

• Wang Guorong
• Tang Yang
• Jing Xin
• Liu Qingyou
• Zhou Shouwei
• Li Xushen
• Zhong Lin
• Li Qingping
• He Yufa
• Li Zhong
• Li Yanjun
• Liu Hexing
• Zhu Jianglin
• Lu Jiang
• Wang Leizhen

Classifications

• E21B10/18 Primary

  characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids · CPC title

• E21B10/602

  the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades · CPC title

• E21B41/0099 Primary

  specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates · CPC title

• E21B10/43

  characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements · CPC title

• E21B10/25

  characterised by sealing details · CPC title