Ignition insert with an active pre-chamber

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11187141-B2
Application number	US-202016869680-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 8, 2020
Priority date	May 13, 2019
Publication date	Nov 30, 2021
Grant date	Nov 30, 2021

Abstract

The ignition insert with an active pre-chamber (1) comprises an insert well (72) arranged in a cylinder head (3) of an internal combustion engine (2), said well (72) accommodating a cylindrical insert body (70) which is indexed in rotation and in which are arranged an ignition pre-chamber (71), an insert spark plug well (83) receiving a spark plug (12), and a injector radial orifice (88) which is aligned with a injector lateral well (73) arranged in the cylinder head (3) so as to receive an injector nose (16), said body (70) being terminated by a pre-chamber nose (75) opening into a combustion chamber (5), and being held in the insert well (72) by fixing means (82) cooperating with clamping means (74).

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber, the internal combustion engine having a cylinder head that covers a cylinder to form with a piston a combustion chamber into which a main charge can be introduced, said cylinder head housing an ignition pre-chamber into which a spark plug and an injector nose of at least one injector and into which a pilot charge can be introduced, said ignition pre-chamber being capable of communication with the combustion chamber successively via a gas ejection conduit and via at least one gas ejection orifice which opens into said combustion chamber via a pre-chamber nose, said ignition insert and the active pre-chamber comprising:
at least one cylindrical insert body formed of one or more parts and in which the ignition pre-chamber and the gas ejection conduit are arranged, said cylindrical insert body being housed inside an insert well, being indexed in rotation relative to the cylinder head, and ending with the pre-chamber nose which passes through a pre-chamber nose orifice,
said insert well arranged in the cylinder head and having fixing means, and said insert well opening outside the cylinder head via an insertion orifice having a first diameter and also opening into the combustion chamber via the pre-chamber nose orifice having a second diameter smaller than said first diameter, the insertion orifice and the pre-chamber nose orifice being connected to each other by at least one insert support shoulder, said cylindrical insert body having an insert support surface which rests on the insert support shoulder;
at least one insert spark plug well arranged in the cylindrical insert body, parallel to an axis of said cylindrical insert body or at an acute angle with respect to said axis and at a center of said cylindrical insert body, said spark plug well opening at an end of the cylindrical insert body which is axially opposite the pre-chamber nose, and also opening in the ignition pre-chamber, said spark plug well receiving the spark plug or the injector nose;
at least one injector radial orifice arranged radially in the cylindrical insert body and in which is housed an end of the injector nose or an end of the spark plug, said injector radial orifice connecting the ignition pre-chamber and/or the gas ejection conduit with an external surface of the cylindrical insert body;
at least one injector lateral well arranged in the cylinder head, said injector lateral well receiving an injector nose body or the spark plug and connecting an outside of the cylinder head with the insert well, the injector radial orifice aligned with said insert well so that the end of the injector nose or of the spark plug opens into the ignition pre-chamber and/or the gas ejection conduit by successively passing through the injector lateral well and the injector radial orifice; and
clamping means in cooperation with the fixing means in order to maintain the insert support surface of the cylindrical insert body pressed against the insert support shoulder,
wherein the pre-chamber nose houses a stratification valve which is pressed either against the end of the gas ejection conduit to close the gas ejection conduit in a sealed manner, or, against a valve seat on the chamber side to form with the gas ejection conduit a pre-chamber for ignition by torch which simultaneously communicates with the ignition pre-chamber via the gas ejection conduit and with the combustion chamber via the gas ejection orifice, and
wherein a magnetic field source is positioned on the cylindrical insert body and produces a magnetic field which tends to maintain the stratification valve pressed against the end of the gas ejection conduit.

2. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the gas ejection conduit is formed of a magnetic material and forms at a contact of the gas ejection conduit with the valve stratification a gas ejection tube whose outer diameter is less than that of said valve, said tube being tightly enclosed in a non-magnetic sleeve made of a non-magnetic material.

3. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the pre-chamber nose comprises an attached nose which covers the gas ejection conduit, the gas ejection orifice being arranged in said attached nose.

4. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the cylindrical insert body forms with the insert well a space forming an insert cooling water chamber.

5. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the injector lateral well comprises a perforated or non-continuous bore which communicates over a length of the bore with a cylinder head cooling water chamber of the cylinder head.

6. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the clamping means comprises of at least one insert clamping ferrule which has a ferrule external thread cooperating with the insert well fixing means which is formed of a well internal thread, said ferrule being bored at a center of said ferrule to let the spark plug pass through.

7. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 6 , wherein the insert clamping ferrule bears on a clamping face for clamping by the ferrule, via a restraint spring.

8. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the insert support surface directly or indirectly forms a ball joint connection with the insert support shoulder while the cylindrical insert body directly or indirectly forms a ball joint connection with the clamping means.

9. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 8 , wherein the clamping means bear on the cylindrical insert body by means of a ball-joint sliding washer which can move radially either relative to the cylindrical insert body, or relative to the clamping means.

10. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 9 , wherein the ball-joint sliding washer is flexible and forms a restraint spring.

11. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 1 , wherein elastic clamping means holds the injector nose pressed in the injector radial orifice and against the cylindrical insert body, by elastic clamping means bearing on the injector and on the cylinder head.

12. The internal combustion engine including an ignition insert with an active pre-chamber according to claim 11 , wherein the elastic clamping means is formed of a flange which bears on the injector, and which is connected to the cylinder head by at least one flange screw.

Assignees

• Rabhi Vianney

Inventors

• Rabhi Vianney

Classifications

• F02B19/108

  with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber · CPC title

• F02B19/18

  Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder · CPC title

• F02B19/10

  with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder · CPC title

• F02B19/1014

  design parameters, e.g. volume, torch passage cross sectional area, length, orientation, or the like · CPC title

• F02F1/242

  Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors · CPC title