Valve ignition prechamber

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10550757-B2
Application number	US-201815864735-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jan 8, 2018
Priority date	Jan 12, 2017
Publication date	Feb 4, 2020
Grant date	Feb 4, 2020

Abstract

Disclosed is a valve ignition prechamber for an internal combustion engine which includes a combustion chamber in which a main load more or less diluted with a neutral gas is ignited, the prechamber including a lamination cavity into which an ignition unit opens and in which a lamination injector can inject under pressure an easily flammable pilot load, a lamination valve being able to close all or part of the lamination duct, in particular under the effect of the pressure of the gases prevailing in the combustion chamber.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A valve ignition prechamber ( 1 ) for an internal combustion engine ( 2 ) which comprises a cylinder head ( 3 ) which caps a cylinder ( 4 ) to form a combustion chamber ( 5 ) in which a main load can be burned ( 30 ), the valve ignition prechamber comprising:
at least one lamination cavity ( 6 ) which is arranged in the cylinder head ( 3 ) and is connected to the combustion chamber ( 5 ) by a lamination duct ( 7 ) and which also receives a lamination injector ( 8 ) which can directly or indirectly inject into said cavity ( 6 ) a pilot load ( 9 ) previously pressurized by compression means ( 10 ), said load ( 9 ) consisting of a combustive agent-AF fuel mixture easily flammable by means of a spark;
ignition means ( 11 ) which open into the lamination cavity ( 6 ) and which can ignite the pilot load ( 9 );
a lamination valve ( 13 ) which can close all or part of the lamination duct ( 7 ) and which exposes both a cavity side face ( 14 ) subjected to the pressure of the gases prevailing in the lamination cavity ( 6 ), as well as a chamber side face ( 15 ) subjected to the pressure of the gases prevailing in the combustion chamber ( 11 ), said lamination valve ( 13 ) being able to translate with respect to said duct ( 7 ) under the effect of the pressure of the gases, either towards the lamination cavity ( 6 ) when said pressure prevailing in the latter is lower than the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber ( 5 ), or towards said chamber ( 5 ) when the pressure prevailing in the latter is lower than the pressure prevailing in lamination cavity ( 6 );
at least one cavity side valve stop ( 16 ) which determines the position of the lamination valve ( 13 ) closest to the lamination cavity ( 6 ); and
at least one chamber side valve stop ( 17 ) which determines the position of the lamination valve ( 13 ) closest to the combustion chamber ( 5 ), said chamber side valve stop ( 17 ) comprising a valve opening seat ( 20 ) arranged in the lamination duct ( 7 ) or at either end of said duct ( 7 ), said valve opening seat ( 20 ) cooperating with a chamber side valve bearing surface ( 21 ) located at the periphery and/or at the end of the lamination valve ( 13 ), so that said valve opening seat ( 20 ) and said chamber side valve bearing surface ( 21 ) are in contact with each other, the lamination valve ( 13 ) forming with the lamination duct ( 7 ) a torch ignition prechamber ( 23 ) which simultaneously communicates with the lamination cavity ( 6 ) and with the combustion chamber ( 5 ) through at least one gas ejection hole ( 24 ).

2. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the lamination valve ( 13 ) closes all or part of the lamination duct ( 7 ) when the lamination valve ( 13 ) is closest to the lamination cavity ( 6 ) while the lamination valve ( 13 ) opens said duct ( 7 ) on a wider section when the lamination valve ( 13 ) is positioned closest to the combustion chamber ( 5 ).

3. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the cavity side valve stop ( 16 ) consists of a valve closing seat ( 18 ) arranged in the lamination duct ( 7 ) or at either end of said duct ( 7 ), said seat ( 18 ) cooperating with a cavity side valve seat ( 19 ) located at the periphery and/or at the end of the lamination valve ( 13 ).

4. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 3 , wherein the valve closing seat ( 18 ) and the cavity side valve bearing surface ( 19 ) create a seal when they are in contact with each other, said seal preventing any gas from passing at said contact when the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber ( 5 ) is greater than the pressure prevailing in the lamination cavity ( 6 ).

5. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the valve opening seat ( 20 ) and the chamber side valve bearing surface ( 21 ) create a seal when they are in contact with each other so as to prevent any gas from passing at said contact.

6. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein a periphery of the lamination valve ( 13 ) comprises guiding means ( 22 ) which maintain said lamination valve ( 13 ) approximately centered in the lamination duct ( 7 ), and approximately in the same longitudinal orientation as said duct ( 7 ), regardless of the axial position of said lamination valve ( 13 ) with respect to said duct ( 7 ).

7. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the internal peripheral wall of the torch ignition prechamber ( 23 ) is cylindrical while the lamination valve ( 13 ) has a circular periphery and is housed at low radial clearance in said prechamber ( 23 ).

8. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the lamination duct ( 7 ) opens projecting into the combustion chamber ( 5 ) in the form of a protruding ejection dome ( 25 ) which houses the torch ignition prechamber ( 23 ) and from which the gas ejection hole ( 24 ) opens.

9. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 8 , wherein the valve opening seat ( 20 ) is arranged in the protruding ejection dome ( 25 ).

10. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein when the lamination valve ( 13 ) is positioned close to the combustion chamber ( 5 ), that is to say, in the vicinity or even in contact with the chamber side valve stop ( 17 ) with which the lamination valve ( 13 ) cooperates, said lamination valve ( 13 ) uncovers at least one gas ejection hole ( 24 ) which connects the lamination cavity ( 6 ) to the combustion chamber ( 5 ).

11. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the ignition means ( 11 ) consist of a spark plug ( 12 ) which closes the first end of a perforated connecting tube ( 26 ) which traverses all or part of the internal volume of the lamination cavity ( 6 ) and whose body is radially traversed by at least one radial slot ( 27 ) which connects the inside of said tube ( 26 ) with said internal volume, while the second end of said tube ( 26 ) receives the lamination duct ( 7 ) and the lamination valve ( 13 ), and while the central electrode ( 40 ) and the ground electrode ( 39 ) of said spark plug ( 12 ) are housed inside the perforated connecting tube ( 26 ).

12. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the cavity side face ( 14 ) exposes an aerodynamic dome ( 29 ).

13. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 1 , wherein the cavity side face ( 14 ) forms a ground electrode ( 39 ) which faces a central electrode ( 40 ) comprised by a spark plug ( 12 ), the spark plug ( 12 ) constituting the ignition means ( 11 ).

14. The valve ignition prechamber according to claim 3 , wherein the chamber side valve stop ( 17 ) consists of a valve opening seat ( 20 ) arranged in the lamination duct ( 7 ) or at either end of said duct ( 7 ), said seat ( 32 ) cooperating with a chamber side valve bearing surface ( 21 ) located at the periphery and/or at the end of the lamination valve ( 13 ), and wherein the lamination valve ( 13 ) is axially thicker at a periphery the lamination valve ( 13 ) which receives the cavity side valve bearing surface ( 19 ) and the chamber side valve bearing surface ( 21 ), than at a center of the lamination valve ( 13 ).

Assignees

• Rabhi Vianney

Inventors

• Rabhi Vianney

Classifications

• F02B19/02

  the chamber being periodically isolated from its cylinder · CPC title

• F02M57/06

  the devices being sparking plugs · CPC title

• F02B19/1028

  pre-combustion chamber and cylinder having both intake ports or valves, e.g. HONDS CVCC · CPC title

• F02B19/12 Primary

  with positive ignition (engines with non-timed positive ignition, and with incandescent chambers F02B9/08) · CPC title

• F02B19/18

  Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder · CPC title