Apparatus and method for preparing ethylene and/or acetylene using hydrocarbon

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11168263-B2
Application number	US-202117193285-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 5, 2021
Priority date	Nov 12, 2018
Publication date	Nov 9, 2021
Grant date	Nov 9, 2021

Abstract

Equipment for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbons, including the reaction chamber (13), burner (11), common or separate fuel gas inlets (12) and oxygen inlets (18), preheating tubes (14), a gas distributor (15), cracking gas inlets (16), and a reaction product outlet (17); the gas distributor (15), which has multiple gas inlets and gas outlets, is arranged on the cross section of the reaction chamber (13), where the gas inlet is connected to the cracking gas inlet (16), and the gas outlet is connected to the preheating tube (14). The cracking gas is uniformly distributed through the gas distributor (15) and passed through the preheating tubes (14), which are hollow tubes; the opening at the other end of the hollow tube is close to or inserted into the combustion area of the gaseous fuel and oxygen.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon, the apparatus comprising: a reaction chamber ( 13 ), a burner ( 11 ), common or separate gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and oxygen inlets ( 18 ), preheating tubes ( 14 ), a gas distributor ( 15 ), a cracking gas inlet ( 16 ), and a reaction product outlet ( 17 );
the reaction chamber ( 13 ) being a cavity structure, in which feedstock is reacted; the burner ( 11 ), the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ), the oxygen inlets ( 18 ), the cracking gas inlets ( 16 ), and the reaction product outlet ( 17 ) being set on the wall of the reaction chamber, and the preheating tubes ( 14 ) and the gas distributor ( 15 ) being arranged in the reaction chamber;
the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) being used to feed gaseous fuel into the reaction chamber ( 13 ); the oxygen inlets ( 18 ) being used to feed oxygen into the reaction chamber ( 13 ); the burner ( 11 ) being used to ignite the gaseous fuel and the oxygen; the reaction product outlet ( 17 ) being used to discharge cracking product out of the reaction chamber ( 13 ); the cracking gas inlets ( 16 ) being used to feed cracking gas into the reaction chamber ( 13 );
the gas distributor ( 15 ), which has multiple gas inlets and gas outlets, being arranged on cross section of the reaction chamber ( 13 ), the gas inlets being connected to the cracking gas inlet ( 16 ) and the gas outlets being connected to the preheating tubes ( 14 ), the gas distributor ( 15 ) being used to make the cracking gas, which is fed through the cracking gas inlet ( 16 ), uniformly distribute on the cross section of the reaction chamber ( 13 ) and pass through the preheating tubes ( 14 );
the preheating tubes ( 14 ) including a plurality of hollow tubes having openings at both ends: one opening being connected to gas outlet on the gas distributor ( 15 ), and the other opening being located in a combustion zone of the gaseous fuel and the oxygen, the preheating tubes ( 14 ) being used to pre-heat the cracking gas uniformly distributed by the distributor ( 15 ) and feed the pre-heated cracking gas to the combustion zone of the gaseous fuel and the oxygen, wherein during the cracking reaction, the reaction product is distributed around the hollow tubes to pre-heat the cracking gas in the hollow tubes.

2. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gas outlets of the gas distributor ( 15 ) and the hollow tubes connecting thereto are uniformly distributed in the cross section of the reaction chamber ( 13 ).

3. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and oxygen inlets ( 18 ) are arranged on the top of the reaction chamber ( 13 ), and the cracking gas inlet ( 16 ), the gas distributor ( 15 ) and the preheating tubes ( 14 ) are arranged at the lower part of the reaction chamber.

4. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and oxygen inlets ( 18 ) are arranged at the bottom of the reaction chamber ( 13 ), and the cracking gas inlet ( 16 ), the gas distributor ( 15 ) and the preheating tubes ( 14 ) are arranged on the upper part of the reaction chamber.

5. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and the oxygen inlets ( 18 ) are common inlets, and after being premixed, the gaseous fuel and oxygen are fed into the reaction chamber ( 13 ) through the common inlets.

6. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising a mixer connected to the common inlets of the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and the oxygen inlets ( 18 ); the mixer being used to mix the separately pre-heated gaseous fuel and oxygen and inject them into the reaction chamber ( 13 ).

7. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and the oxygen inlets ( 18 ) are independent inlets, and the gaseous fuel and the oxygen enter the reaction chamber ( 13 ) through the gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and oxygen inlets ( 18 ), respectively.

8. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gas distributor ( 5 ) has a plate shape and has a plurality of through holes ( 21 ) connecting with the gas inlets and gas outlets; the through holes ( 21 ) are evenly distributed on the whole plate of the cracking gas distributor ( 15 ), and each of the through holes ( 21 ) is connected to a hollow tube.

9. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the through holes ( 21 ) is of circle, square, triangle, or pentagon shape, and the cross-section of the hollow tubes is of circle, square, triangle, or pentagon shape.

10. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the cross section of the hollow tubes is of circular shape, and the diameter of the hollow tube is in the range of 5˜60 mm.

11. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbons as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the common or separate gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and oxygen inlets ( 18 ) are uniformly distributed on the top or bottom of the reaction chamber ( 13 ), so that the gaseous fuel and the oxygen form multiple heat carrier areas on the cross-section of the reaction chamber ( 13 ).

12. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each hollow tube is provided with a contraction for gas uniform distribution and pressure adjustment.

13. The apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the contraction is located on the hollow tube and near the gas distributor.

14. A method for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon, wherein using the apparatus for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 1 , the method comprising:
a) injecting the gaseous fuel and the oxygen into the reaction chamber ( 13 ) through the common or separate gaseous fuel inlets ( 12 ) and oxygen inlets ( 18 ); starting the burner ( 11 ) to burn the gaseous fuel and the oxygen entering the reaction chamber ( 13 ) to generate a high-temperature heat carrier;
b) feeding gas hydrocarbon feedstock from the cracking gas inlet ( 16 ) into the reaction chamber ( 13 ): the gas hydrocarbon feedstock entering the gas distributor ( 15 ) through the gas inlet of the gas distributor ( 15 ) passing through the hollow tubes of the preheating tubes from the gas outlet of the gas distributor ( 15 ), after being pre-heated by the hollow tubes, the gas hydrocarbon feedstock being injected from the other end of the hollow tube, entering the heat carrier area, and being thermally cracked;
c) thermal cracking product distributing around the hollow tubes of the preheating tubes ( 14 ), and transferring heat to the hollow tubes and to the gas hydrocarbon feedstock continuously introduced into the hollow tubes, and the thermal cracking product being finally discharged out of the reaction chamber ( 13 ) through the reaction product outlet ( 17 ).

15. The method for producing ethylene and/or acetylene from hydrocarbon as claimed in claim 14 , further comprising: before the step a), pre-heating the gaseous fuel and the oxygen separately, and then mixing the gaseous fuel and the oxygen, wherein the preheati

Assignees

• Univ Tsinghua

Inventors

• Wang Tiefeng
• Luo Jiajia
• Wang Jinfu
• Li Zhou Tianpeng

Classifications

• B01J19/2425

  in parallel · CPC title

• B01J19/2415

  Tubular reactors · CPC title

• B01J2208/00504

  by means of a burner · CPC title

• C07C4/04

  Thermal processes {(C07C4/025 takes precedence)} · CPC title

• B01J8/062

  being installed in a furnace · CPC title