High efficiency electrolytes for high voltage battery systems

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11094966-B2
Application number	US-201816230531-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Dec 21, 2018
Priority date	Mar 2, 2017
Publication date	Aug 17, 2021
Grant date	Aug 17, 2021

Abstract

Disclosed herein are embodiments of an electrolyte that is stable and efficient at high voltages. The electrolyte can be used in combination with certain cathodes that exhibit poor activity at such high voltages with other types of electrolytes and can further be used in combination with a variety of anodes. In some embodiments, the electrolyte can be used in battery systems comprising a lithium cobalt oxide cathode and lithium metal anodes, silicon anodes, silicon/graphite composite anodes, graphite anodes, and the like.

First claim

We claim:

1. A battery, comprising:
an electrolyte, comprising LiFSI, DME, and TTE, wherein the molar ratio of the LiFSI to the DME ranges from 1:0.5 to 1:1.2 and wherein the LiFSI has a concentration in the electrolyte ranging from 0.2 M to 2 M; and
a lithium metal anode, a silicon anode, a silicon/graphite composite anode, or a graphite anode;
wherein the battery is capable of operating at a voltage of 4.5 V or higher to produce a coulombic efficiency of 99% or higher.

2. An electrolyte consisting essentially of LiFSI, DME, and TTE, wherein the molar ratio of the LiFSI to the DME is 1:1.2 or 1:1.

3. The electrolyte of claim 2 , wherein the molar ratio of the LiFSI to the TTE ranges from 1:0.1 to 1:10.

4. An electrolyte, comprising LiFSI, DME, and TTE, wherein the molar ratio of the LiFSI to the DME ranges from 1:0.5 to 1:1.2 and wherein the LiFSI has a concentration in the electrolyte ranging from 0.2 M to 2 M.

5. The electrolyte of claim 4 , wherein the molar ratio of the LiFSI to the TTE ranges from 1:0.1 to 1:10.

6. A battery, comprising:
a cathode comprising a lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) material, a nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) material, or a nickel cobalt transition metal oxide (NC-TM) material;
an anode; and
the electrolyte of claim 2 .

7. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the cathode comprises the LCO material and the anode is a lithium metal anode, a silicon anode, a graphite anode, or a graphite/silicon composite anode.

8. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the cathode comprises the NMC material and the anode is a lithium metal anode, a silicon anode, a graphite anode, or a graphite/silicon composite anode.

9. The battery of claim 6 , wherein the battery exhibits a CE of 99.8% or more when operated at a voltage of 4.5 V or higher.

10. A battery, comprising:
a cathode comprising a lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) material, a nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) material, or a nickel cobalt transition metal oxide (NC-TM) material;
an anode; and
the electrolyte of claim 4 .

11. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the cathode comprises the LCO material and the anode is a lithium metal anode, a silicon anode, a graphite anode, or a graphite/silicon composite anode.

12. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the cathode comprises the NMC material and the anode is a lithium metal anode, a silicon anode, a graphite anode, or a graphite/silicon composite anode.

13. The battery of claim 10 , wherein the battery exhibits a CE of 99.8% or more when operated at a voltage of 4.5 V or higher.

14. A method, comprising:
providing a battery system comprising the battery of claim 1 ; and
applying a voltage of 4.5 V or higher to the battery.

15. A method, comprising:
providing a battery system comprising the battery of claim 6 ; and
applying a voltage of 4.5 V or higher to the battery.

16. A method, comprising:
providing a battery system comprising the battery of claim 10 ; and
applying a voltage of 4.5 V or higher to the battery.

17. The electrolyte of claim 4 , wherein the molar ratio of the LiFSI to the DME is 1:1 to 1:1.2.

Assignees

• Battelle Memorial Institute

Inventors

• Ren Xiaodi
• Xu Wu
• Zhang Ji-Guang

Classifications

• H01M4/134

  Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys · CPC title

• H01M4/525

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy · CPC title

• H01M4/133

  Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx · CPC title

• H01M10/052 Primary

  Li-accumulators · CPC title

• H01M10/0567

  characterised by the additives · CPC title