Electrolyte structure for metal batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-2016254567-A1
Application number	US-201615055306-A
Country	US
Kind code	A1
Filing date	Feb 26, 2016
Priority date	Feb 27, 2015
Publication date	Sep 1, 2016
Grant date	—

Abstract

An electrolyte structure includes a metal organic framework (MOF) material defining a plurality of pores. Anions are bound to respective metal atoms of the MOF material. The bound anions are located within each of the plurality of pores of the MOF material. Solvated cations are present within each of the plurality of pores.

First claim

1 . An electrolyte structure, comprising:
a metal organic framework (MOF) material defining a plurality of pores; anions bound to respective metal atoms of the MOF material, wherein the bound anions are located within each of the plurality of pores; and solvated cations present within each of the plurality of pores.

2 . The electrolyte structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the MOF material is selected from the group consisting of HKUST-1, Mil-100-Al, Mill-100-Fe, MOF-73, and In-MOF.

3 . The electrolyte structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the solvated cations are selected from the group consisting of lithium cations, sodium cations, zinc cations, magnesium cations, and combinations thereof.

4 . The electrolyte structure as defined in claim 1 wherein the anions are ClO 4 − anions.

5 . A method of forming an electrolyte structure, the method comprising:
providing a metal organic framework (MOF) material; soaking the MOF material in a liquid electrolyte having a metal salt dissolved therein, thereby i) causing anions of the metal salt to bind to respective metal atoms of the MOF material to form an ionic channel in a pore of the MOF material, and ii) freeing solvated cations of the metal salt; and removing at least some of the liquid electrolyte to form the electrolyte structure.

6 . The method as defined in claim 5 , further comprising applying pressure to the electrolyte structure to form a shaped body.

7 . The method as defined in claim 5 , further comprising dissolving a plurality of metal salt molecules in a non-aqueous inert solvent to produce the liquid electrolyte.

8 . The method as defined in claim 5 wherein:
the MOF material is a powder; and
a weight ratio of the MOF material powder to the liquid electrolyte ranges from 10:1 to 1:10.

9 . The method as defined in claim 5 wherein prior to soaking the MOF material in the liquid electrolyte, the method further comprises:
degassing the MOF material to remove absorbed water molecules; or
activating the MOF material under vacuum at an elevated temperature to remove absorbed water molecules.

10 . The method as defined in claim 5 wherein the removing of at least some of the liquid electrolyte is accomplished under vacuum.

11 . A rechargeable lithium-based battery, comprising:
a pair of electrodes; and a separator and electrolyte structure disposed between the electrodes, the separator and electrolyte structure including:
a metal organic framework (MOF) material defining a plurality of pores;
anions bound to respective metal atoms of the MOF material, wherein the bound anions are located within each of the plurality of pores; and
solvated cations present within each of the plurality of pores.

12 . The rechargeable lithium-based battery as defined in claim 11 wherein the pair of electrodes includes a LiCoO 2 (LCO) positive electrode and a lithium metal (Li) negative electrode.

13 . The rechargeable lithium-based battery as defined in claim 11 wherein the MOF material is selected from the group consisting of HKUST-1, Mil-100-A1, Mill-100-Fe, MOF-73, and In-MOF.

14 . The rechargeable lithium-based battery as defined in claim 11 wherein the solvated cations are selected from the group consisting of lithium cations, sodium cations, zinc cations, magnesium cations, and combinations thereof.

15 . The rechargeable lithium-based battery as defined in claim 11 wherein the anions are ClO 4 − anions.

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc
• Univ California

Inventors

• Cai Mei
• Lu Yunfeng
• Yang Li
• Dai Fang
• Shen Jingmei
• Fuhr Addis
• Shen Li

Classifications

• H01M2220/30

  Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop · CPC title

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M4/485

  of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy (H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence) · CPC title

• H01M4/382

  Lithium (H01M4/405 takes precedence) · CPC title

• H01M10/0565 Primary

  Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type · CPC title