Stable fluorinated alkylated lithium malonatoborate salts for lithium-ion battery applications

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-11005127-B2
Application number	US-201615142646-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Apr 29, 2016
Priority date	May 5, 2015
Publication date	May 11, 2021
Grant date	May 11, 2021

Abstract

The invention is directed in a first aspect to electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − , wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing at least one and up to twelve carbon atoms, and R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from fluorine atom, hydrocarbon groups R, alkoxy groups (—OR), and ester groups —OC(O)R, wherein R 2 and R 3 can optionally interconnect via R functionalities to form a boron-containing ring. The invention is also directed to electrolyte compositions in which the above electrolyte salt is incorporated. The invention is further directed to lithium-ion batteries containing these electrolytes.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − , wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing at least one and up to four carbon atoms, and R 2 and R 3 are fluorine atoms.

2. An electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − , wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′); R 4 is a fluorine atom; and R 5 is a fluorine atom or an alkyl group (R′); wherein R′ contains at least one and up to four carbon atoms.

3. An electrolyte composition for a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − dissolved in a liquid or gel solvent suitable for use in a lithium-ion battery, wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing at least one and up to four carbon atoms, and R 2 and R 3 are fluorine atoms.

4. The electrolyte composition of claim 3 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is a carbonate or sulfone solvent.

5. The electrolyte composition of claim 3 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is an ionic liquid solvent.

6. An electrolyte composition for a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − dissolved in a liquid or gel solvent suitable for use in a lithium-ion battery, wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′); R 4 is a fluorine atom; and R 5 is an alkyl group (R′); wherein R′ contains at least one and up to four carbon atoms.

7. A lithium-ion battery comprising:
(a) an anode;
(b) a cathode; and
(c) an electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − dissolved in a liquid or gel solvent suitable for use in a lithium-ion battery, wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing at least one and up to four carbon atoms, and R 2 and R 3 are fluorine atoms.

8. The lithium-ion battery of claim 7 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is a carbonate or sulfone solvent.

9. The lithium-ion battery of claim 7 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is an ionic liquid solvent.

10. A lithium-ion battery comprising:
(a) an anode;
(b) a cathode; and
(c) an electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − dissolved in a liquid or gel solvent suitable for use in a lithium-ion battery, wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′); R 4 is a fluorine atom; and R 5 is an alkyl group (R′), wherein R′ contains at least one and up to four carbon atoms.

11. An electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − , wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing at least one and up to four carbon atoms and one ether functionality, and R 2 and R 3 are fluorine atoms.

12. An electrolyte composition for a lithium-ion battery, the electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − dissolved in a liquid or gel solvent suitable for use in a lithium-ion battery, wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing at least one and up to four carbon atoms and one ether functionality, and R 2 and R 3 are fluorine atoms.

13. The electrolyte composition of claim 12 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is a carbonate or sulfone solvent.

14. The electrolyte composition of claim 12 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is an ionic liquid solvent.

15. A lithium-ion battery comprising:
(a) an anode;
(b) a cathode; and
(c) an electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte salt of the general formula Li + Z − dissolved in a liquid or gel solvent suitable for use in a lithium-ion battery, wherein Z − has the following chemical formula:

wherein R 1 is an alkyl group (R′) containing one and up to four carbon atoms and one ether functionality, and R 2 and R 3 are fluorine atoms.

16. The lithium-ion battery of claim 15 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is a carbonate or sulfone solvent.

17. The lithium-ion battery of claim 15 , wherein the liquid or gel solvent is an ionic liquid solvent.

Assignees

• Ut Battelle Llc

Inventors

• Sun Xiao-Guang
• Dai Sheng
• Wan Shun

Classifications

• H01M10/0525

  Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title

• H01M10/0568 Primary

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• Y02E60/10

  Energy storage using batteries · CPC title

• H01M2300/0037

  Mixture of solvents · CPC title