Method for producing metal nitrides and metal carbides

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10974962-B2
Application number	US-201716335366-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 12, 2017
Priority date	Oct 5, 2016
Publication date	Apr 13, 2021
Grant date	Apr 13, 2021

Abstract

A method for producing a metal nitride and/or a metal carbide, a metal nitride and/or metal carbide optionally produced according to the method, and the use of the metal nitride and/or carbide in catalysis optionally catalytic hydroprocessing. Optionally, the method comprises: i) contacting at least one metal oxide comprising at least one first metal M1 with a cyanometallate comprising at least one second metal M2 to form a reaction mixture; and, ii) subjecting the reaction mixture to a temperature of at least 300° C. for a reaction period. Optionally, the metal nitride and/or metal carbide is a metal nitride comprising tungsten nitride.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A method for producing a metal nitride and/or a metal carbide, the method comprising:
i) contacting at least one metal oxide comprising at least one first metal M 1 with a cyanometallate comprising at least one second metal M 2 to form a reaction mixture, wherein the cyanometallate comprises a dicyanometallate, a tetracyanometallate, a hexacyanometallate, and/or an octacyanometallate; and,
ii) subjecting the reaction mixture to a temperature of at least 300° C. for a reaction period.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein M 1 is a transition metal selected from Groups 5, 6 or 7 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein M 1 is selected from the list consisting of: W, Re, Nb and Mo.

4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide comprises WO 3 and/or wherein the metal oxide comprises Re 2 O 7 .

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the cyanometallate comprises a material having the formula M 3 x [M 2 (CN) y ] z , wherein M 2 and M 3 are the same or different metals, wherein x is an integer from 1 to 4, y is 4 or 6, and z is an integer from 1 to 3.

6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein (i) x is 1, z is 1 and y is 6, or (ii) x is 4, z is 3, and y is 6.

7. The method according to claim 5 , wherein M 3 is selected from the list consisting of K(I), Fe(III), Co(III), Y(III), Al(III), Ga(III), La(III), Pr(III) and Dy(III).

8. The method according to claim 5 , wherein M 3 is selected from the list consisting of Fe(III) and Co(III).

9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cyanometallate is a tetracyanometallate and/or a hexacyanometallate.

10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein M 2 is a transition metal selected from Groups 8 and 9 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.

11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein M 2 is selected from the list consisting of Fe(II), Fe(III) and Co(III).

12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cyanometallate comprises Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 , K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ], Y[Fe(CN) 6 ], Al[Fe(CN) 6 ], La[Fe(CN) 6 ], Pr[Fe(CN) 6 ], Dy[Fe(CN) 6 ], Co[Co(CN) 6 ], Y[Co(CN) 6 ], Al[Co(CN) 6 ], La[Co(CN) 6 ] and/or K 3 [Co(CN) 6 ].

13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cyanometallate comprises Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 and/or Co[Co(CN) 6 ].

14. The method according claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of metal oxide to cyanometallate in contacting step i) is from 10:1 to 1:10.

15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cyanometallate and the metal oxide are combined in the presence of a solvent and wherein the cyanometallate is provided in the form of a cyanogel that comprises a mixture of: a) the cyanometallate, and b) at least part of the solvent.

16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the cyanometallate and the metal oxide are provided in solid form, and wherein contacting step i) comprises combining the metal oxide with the cyanometallate using a dry mixing method.

17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture is subjected to a temperature of from 300 to 1000° C. for a reaction period of from 10 minutes to 48 hours.

18. A method, comprising:
contacting a catalyst, hydrocarbon feedstock, and hydrogen under hydroprocessing, hydrogenation, hydrodenitrogenation and/or hydrodesulfurization conditions, wherein the catalyst includes,
a first metal nitride and/or carbide selected from the list consisting of iron nitride, iron carbide, cobalt nitride and cobalt carbide, and
a second metal nitride and/or carbide selected from the list consisting of tungsten nitride, tungsten carbide, rhenium nitride and rhenium carbide.

Assignees

• Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc

Inventors

• Nandi Partha
• Nizami Quddus A
• Kliewer Christine E
• Stella Andrew J
• Dakka Jihad M
• Gupta Himanshu

Classifications

• C01B21/0622

  with iron, cobalt or nickel · CPC title

• C01B32/914

  Carbides of single elements · CPC title

• C01P2002/72

  by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram · CPC title

• C01P2004/04

  obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM · CPC title

• C01B32/949

  Tungsten or molybdenum carbides · CPC title