Distributed control in electric power delivery systems

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10971933-B2
Application number	US-201916406501-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 8, 2019
Priority date	Jun 26, 2013
Publication date	Apr 6, 2021
Grant date	Apr 6, 2021

Abstract

This disclosure includes various systems and methods for determining an operating stage based on electrical conditions in electric power delivery systems and identifying a control strategy based upon the operating stage. The control strategy may be selected and customized to avoid or to ameliorate stresses in an electric power delivery system while maintaining the stability of electric power delivery systems. Various embodiments consistent with the present disclosure may include a distributed controller configured receive a plurality of indications of electrical conditions from a plurality of control devices in electrical communication with the electrical power delivery system. The distributed controller may determine an operating stage from among a plurality of operating stages based upon the plurality of indications of electrical conditions. The distributed controller may further identify a control strategy based upon the operating stage. The control strategy may be communicated to and implemented by the plurality of control devices.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A controller configured to implement a distributed control scheme in an electrical power delivery system, the controller comprising:
a communications interface in communication with a plurality of distributed control devices in electrical communication with portions of the electrical power delivery system;
a processor communicatively coupled to the communications interface; and
a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the controller to:
receive a pre-trip assessment of a power system condition from at least one distributed control device of the plurality of distributed control devices;
determine an operating stage from among a plurality of operating stages based upon the pre-trip assessment of the power system condition;
select a control strategy based upon the operating stage; and
communicate the control strategy to at least one distributed control devices of the plurality of distributed control devices via the communications interface;

wherein the plurality of distributed control devices are configured to implement a plurality of control actions based upon the control strategy.

2. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of operating stages comprise an alert operating stage in which the control strategy permits the electrical power delivery system to prohibit implementation of a category of control actions during a temporary condition in the electrical power delivery system.

3. The controller of claim 2 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to generate at least one of the plurality of control actions based on the alert operating stage, the at least one control action comprising one of adjusting a set-point of an active volt-ampere reactive (“VAR”) device and adjusting a threshold of a direct current line.

4. The controller of claim 2 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to receive a load characteristic estimate from one of a plurality of control devices and to generate at least one of the plurality of control actions based on the alert operating stage, the at least one control action comprising adjusting a setting of a tap changer controlling a change of a tap position based on the load characteristic estimate.

5. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of operating stages comprise an alert operating stage in which the control strategy permits the electrical power delivery system to delay implementation of a category of control actions during a temporary condition in the electrical power delivery system.

6. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of operating stages comprises an emergency operating stage in which the control strategy increases a capacity of the electrical power delivery system.

7. The controller of claim 6 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to generate at least one of the plurality of control actions based on the emergency operating stage, the at least one control action comprising one of re-dispatching generation of electrical energy, starting reserve generation capacity, and importing remotely generated power.

8. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of operating stages comprises an emergency operating stage in which the control strategy comprises a demand response strategy.

9. The controller of claim 8 , wherein the demand response strategy comprises load shaping.

10. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of operating stages comprises an extreme stage in which the control strategy reduces a cumulative load on the electrical power delivery system.

11. The controller of claim 10 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to generate at least one control action based on the extreme stage, the at least one control action comprising one of selectively disconnecting a portion of the cumulative load and implementing transmission line loading relief.

12. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the pre-fault assessment comprises a crossed overload indication.

13. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the pre-fault assessment comprises a low voltage indication.

14. The controller of claim 1 , wherein the operating stage is determined, at least in part, based on an indication of an asset removal from the electrical power delivery system.

15. A method of implementing distributed control in an electrical power delivery system, the method comprising:
measuring, by a plurality of distributed control devices in electrical communication with distributed portions of the electrical power delivery system, a plurality of electrical power system measurements;
determining, by the plurality of distributed control devices a pre-trip assessment of a power system condition using the electrical power system measurements;
sending, from at least one distributed control device of the plurality of distributed control devices, the pre-trip assessment to a controller;
receiving, at the controller, the pre-trip assessment from at least one distributed control device of the plurality of distributed control devices;
determining an operating stage from among a plurality of operating stages based upon the pre-trip assessment;
selecting a control strategy based upon the operating stage;
communicating the control strategy to at least one distributed control device of the plurality of distributed control devices via the communications interface;
implementing, using at least one distributed control device of the plurality of distributed control devices, a control action based upon the control strategy.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the control strategy comprises delaying implementation of a category of control actions during a temporary condition in the electrical power delivery system.

17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising:
receiving a load characteristic estimate from one of the plurality of distributed control devices; and
wherein plurality of control actions comprise one of adjusting a setting of a tap changer and controlling a change of a tap position based on the load characteristic estimate.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein determining the pre-trip assessment comprises an impending overload indication.

19. A controller configured to implement a distributed control scheme in an electrical power delivery system, the controller comprising:
a communications interface in communication with a plurality of distributed control devices in electrical communication with portions of the electrical power delivery system;
a processor communicatively coupled to the communications interface; and
a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the controller to:
receive an impending overload indication of the electric power delivery system from at least one distributed control device of the plurality of distributed control devices;
determine an operating stage from among a plurality of operating stages based upon the impending overload indication;
select a control strategy based upon the operating stage; and
communicate the control strategy to at least one distributed control devices of the plurality of distributed control devices via the communications interface;

wherein the plurality of distributed control devices are configured to implement a plurality of control actions based upon the control strategy.

Assignees

• Schweitzer Engineering Lab Inc

Inventors

• Zweigle Gregary C
• Blood Ellery A

Classifications

• H02J13/13

  characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network · CPC title

• H02J3/00144

  using phasor measuring units [PMU] · CPC title

• H02J13/12 Primary

  Monitoring network conditions, e.g. electrical magnitudes or operational status · CPC title

• Y04S10/22

  Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units · CPC title

• Y02E40/70

  Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector · CPC title