Electrochemical cell including anode and cathode including battery and capacitor particles and having equal electrochemical capacities, and method for forming the same

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10944100-B2
Application number	US-201616098457-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 1, 2016
Priority date	Jun 1, 2016
Publication date	Mar 9, 2021
Grant date	Mar 9, 2021

Abstract

At least one of the anode and cathode of a lithium-ion processing electrochemical cell are prepared with a layer of mixed particles of both active lithium battery electrode materials and lithium ion adsorbing capacitor materials, or with co-extensive, contiguous layers of battery electrode particles in one layer and capacitor particles in the adjoining layer. The proportions of active battery electrode particles and active capacitor particles in one or both of the electrodes are predetermined to provide specified energy density (Wh/kg) and power density (W/kg) properties of the cell for its intended application.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. An electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte solution containing a lithium electrolyte salt dissolved in a non-aqueous liquid solvent; the electrochemical cell being further characterized in that:
the anode and the cathode of the electrochemical cell each contain a layer of resin-bonded particles of an anode battery electrode material and resin-bonded particles of a cathode battery electrode material, respectively, bonded to at least one side of a current collector foil, the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material being capable of intercalating lithium from the electrolyte solution and de-intercalating lithium into the electrolyte solution so that the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material in the anode and the resin bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material in the cathode can function as a lithium-ion battery cell; and
at least one of the anode or the cathode of the electrochemical cell also containing particles of a capacitor electrode material that are capable of adsorbing lithium cations or corresponding anions from the electrolyte solution and desorbing the lithium cations or the corresponding anions into the electrolyte solution to function as a capacitor, wherein the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material or a combination of the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material present in the anode, and the resin bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material or a combination of the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material in the cathode, provide equal electrochemical capacities in ampere-hours at each of the anode and the cathode and further provide a specified hybridized energy density (Wh/kg) and power density (W/kg) for the electrochemical cell, and
wherein a capacity of the particles of the capacitor electrode material in the anode is less than a capacity of the particles of the capacitor electrode material in the cathode such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-ion capacitor, and a capacitor.

2. An electrochemical cell as set forth in claim 1 , wherein only the cathode contains the particles of the capacitor electrode material such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion capacitor.

3. An electrochemical cell as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the anode of the electrochemical cell contains the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material, and wherein the cathode of the electrochemical cell contains the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material.

4. An electrochemical cell as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the anode of the electrochemical cell contains the resin bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material, or wherein the cathode of the electrochemical cell contains the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material.

5. An electrochemical cell as set forth in claim 1 ,
wherein at least one of (i) the anode of the electrochemical cell includes a mixture of the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material as a single porous resin-bonded electrode layer or (ii) the cathode of the electrochemical cell includes a mixture of the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material as a single porous resin-bonded electrode layer.

6. An electrochemical cell as set forth in claim 1 ,
wherein at least one of (i) the anode of the electrochemical cell includes a layer of the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and a separate, porous, adjacent, coextensive layer of the particles of the capacitor electrode material or (ii) the cathode of the electrochemical cell includes a layer of the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material and a separate, porous, adjacent, coextensive layer of the particles of the capacitor electrode material.

7. An electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte solution containing a lithium electrolyte salt dissolved in a non-aqueous liquid solvent; the electrochemical cell being further characterized in that:
the anode and the cathode of the electrochemical cell each contain a layer of resin-bonded particles of an anode battery electrode material and resin-bonded particles of a cathode battery electrode material, respectively, bonded to at least one side of a current collector foil, the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material being capable of intercalating lithium from the electrolyte solution and de-intercalating lithium into the electrolyte solution so that the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material in the anode and the resin bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material in the cathode can function as a lithium-ion battery cell; and
at least one of the anode or the cathode of the electrochemical cell also containing particles of a capacitor electrode material that are capable of adsorbing lithium cations or corresponding anions from the electrolyte solution and desorbing the lithium cations or the corresponding anions into the electrolyte solution to function as a capacitor, wherein the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material or a combination of the resin-bonded particles of the anode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material present in the anode, and the resin bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material or a combination of the resin-bonded particles of the cathode battery electrode material and the particles of the capacitor electrode material in the cathode, provide equal electrochemical capacities in ampere-hours at each of the anode and the cathode and further provide a specified hybridized energy density (Wh/kg) and power density (W/kg) for the electrochemical cell, and
wherein only the anode contains the particles of the capacitor electrode material such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion capacitor, or
wherein only the cathode contains the particles of the capacitor electrode material such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion capacitor.

8. An electrochemical cell as set forth in claim 7 ,
wherein only the cathode contains the particles of the capacitor electrode material such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion capacitor.

9. An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 7 ,
wherein only the anode contains the particles of the capacitor electrode material such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion capacitor.

10. An electrochemical cell as stated in claim 7 ,
wherein a capacity of the particles of the capacitor electrode material in the cathode is less than a capacity of the particles of the capacitor electrode material in the anode such that the electrochemical cell functions as a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-ion capacitor, and a capacitor.

11. A m

Assignees

• Gm Global Tech Operations Llc

Inventors

• Liu Haijing
• Yu Zhiqiang
• Kong Dewen
• Wu Meiyuan

Classifications

• H01G11/46

  Metal oxides · CPC title

• H01G11/50

  specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation · CPC title

• H01G11/86

  specially adapted for electrodes (carbonisation or activation of carbon for the manufacture of electrodes H01G11/34) · CPC title

• H01G11/06

  with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC] · CPC title

• H01G11/38

  Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein · CPC title