Hybrid electrolytes for group 2 cation-based electrochemical energy storage device

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10566632-B2
Application number	US-201515530261-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 15, 2015
Priority date	Jun 16, 2014
Publication date	Feb 18, 2020
Grant date	Feb 18, 2020

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and especially electrochemical energy storage devices including electrolytes comprising an ionic liquid, one or more solvents, and one or more salts of a Group 2 element. Effects on electrochemical performance of the electrolyte of each of the components of the electrolyte were systematically determined. In addition, interactions between the electrolytes and separator films were dissected to optimize electrochemical performance of coin cell batteries.

First claim

We claim:

1. An electrolytic composition comprising an ionic liquid, one or more solvents, wherein at least one of the one or more solvents is propylene glycol dimethyl ether.

2. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic composition is a single phase solution.

3. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein a cationic component of the ionic liquid is piperidinium-based, pyrrolidinium-based, imidazolium-based, or pyridinium-based.

4. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein an anionic component of the ionic liquid is bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.

5. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid is selected from the group consisting of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl-3-propylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumtefluoroborate, 1-methyl-3-propylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylpyridiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, i-propyl-3-methylpyridiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylpyridiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylpyridiniumtetrafluoroborate, 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-1-methylpiperidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-tetrafluoroborate, 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium-tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.

6. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the solvent to ionic liquid is from about 40%:60% to about 80%:20% by volume.

7. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is a magnesium salt.

8. The electrolytic composition of claim 7 , wherein the salt is selected from the group consisting of magnesium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, magnesium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, and magnesium perchlorate.

9. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the solvents exhibits a dissociation energy for Group 2 cations less than 600 kJ/mol.

10. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic composition exhibits a viscosity of 40 mPas to 165 mPas.

11. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the salt is chosen from the group consisting of a magnesium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salt and a magnesium perchlorate salt.

12. The electrolytic composition of claim 11 , wherein the salt is a magnesium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salt.

13. The electrolytic composition of claim 11 , wherein the salt is a magnesium perchlorate salt.

14. The electrolytic composition of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid and the solvent form a blend, wherein the blend is an electrolyte.

15. An electrochemical storage device comprising the electrolyte of claim 14 , an anode and a cathode.

16. The electrochemical storage device of claim 15 , wherein the anode comprises magnesium.

17. The electrochemical storage device of claim 16 , wherein the magnesium is in the form of a magnesium alloy or magnesium intermetallic.

18. The electrochemical storage device of claim 16 , wherein the magnesium is in the form of magnesium metal.

19. The electrochemical storage device of claim 15 , wherein the cathode comprises a metal sulfide.

20. The electrochemical storage device of claim 15 , further comprising: a separator film, the separator film positioned in between the anode and the cathode; and wherein the electrolyte exhibits a contact angle on the separator film of less than 100°.

21. The electrochemical storage device of claim 20 , wherein the electrolyte exhibits a contact angle on the separator film of less than 54°.

22. The electrochemical storage device of claim 20 , wherein the separator film comprises polyethylene.

23. The electrochemical storage device of claim 20 , wherein the separator film comprises polypropylene.

24. An electrolytic composition comprising an ionic liquid, one or more solvents and a Group 2 salt, wherein one of the one or more solvents is propylene glycol dimethyl ether.

25. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein a cationic component of the ionic liquid is piperidinium-based, pyrrolidinium-based, imidazolium-based, or pyridinium-based.

26. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein an anionic component of the ionic liquid is bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.

27. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein the ionic liquid is selected from the group consisting of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl-3-propylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliurntetrafluoroborate, 1-methyl-3-propylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylpyridiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-propyl-3-methylpyridiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylpyridiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-3-methylpyridiniumtetrafluoroborate, 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-butyl-1-methylpiperidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-tetrafluoroborate, 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium-tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide.

28. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein the ratio of the solvent to ionic liquid is from about 40%:60% to about 80%:20% by volume.

29. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein the salt is a magnesium salt.

30. The electrolytic composition of claim 29 , wherein the salt is selected from the group consisting of magnesium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, magnesium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, and magnesium perchlorate.

31. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein at least one of the solvents exhibits a dissociation energy for Group 2 cations less than 600 kJ/mol.

32. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein the electrolytic composition exhibits a viscosity of 40 mPas to 165 mPas.

33. The electrolytic composition of claim 24 , wherein the ionic liquid and the solvent form a blend, wherein the blend is an electrolyte.

34. An electrochemical storage device comprising the electrolyte of claim 33 , an anode and a cathode.

35. The electrochemical storage device of claim 34 , wherein the anode comprises magnesium.

36. The electrochemical storage device of claim 35 , wherein the magnesium is in the form of magnesium metal.

37. The electrochemical storage device of claim 34 , wherein the cathode comprises a metal sulfide.

38. The electrochemical storage device of claim 34 , further comprising: a separator film, the separator film positioned in between the anode and the cathode; and wherein

Assignees

• Univ New York State Res Found

Inventors

• Takeuchi Kenneth J
• Takeuchi Esther S
• Marschilok Amy C

Classifications

• H01M2300/0034

  Fluorinated solvents · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M6/166 Primary

  by the solute · CPC title

• H01M10/0568

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title