Reduction catalyst and chemical reactor

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10308574-B2
Application number	US-201715698394-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 7, 2017
Priority date	May 21, 2015
Publication date	Jun 4, 2019
Grant date	Jun 4, 2019

Abstract

According to one embodiment, a reduction catalyst includes a current collector including a metal layer; and organic molecules including a quaternary nitrogen cation, which are bonded to the metal layer. The organic molecules are represented by any of the following general formulae I to V.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A reduction catalyst comprising:
a current collector comprising a metal layer comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pt, Fe, Ti, Ni, Sn, In, and Bi; and
organic molecules comprising a quaternary nitrogen cation, which are bonded to the metal layer and are represented by any of the following general formulae I to V:

where, in the general formulae I to V, R 1 is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group, R 2 and R 3 are identical to or different from each other and are each independently H or a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group, p, q, r, and n are each independently an integer from 1 to 12, Y is a reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of a thiol group, a disulfide group, and a thiocyanate group, and X − represents a counter anion selected from the group consisting of a fluoride ion, a chloride ion, a bromide ion, an iodide ion, HCO 3 − , BF 4 − , PF 6 − , CF 3 COO − , CF 3 SO 3 − , NO 3 − , SCN − , N(CN) 2 − , C(CN) 3 − (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C − , a bis(trifluoromethoxysulfonyl)imide anion, a bis(trifluoromethoxysulfonyl)imide anion, and a bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide anion.

2. The reduction catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein, in the general formulae I to V, R 1 is an amino group substituted with at least one of C 1 to C 12 alkyl groups substituent.

3. The reduction catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the metal layer comprises metal fine particles.

4. A reduction catalyst comprising:
a current collector comprising a metal layer comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Cu, Zn, Pt, Fe, Ti, Ni, Sn, In, and Bi;
a spacer organic molecular layer formed on the metal layer;
metal fine particles bonded to the spacer organic molecular layer; and
organic molecules comprising a quaternary nitrogen cation, which are bonded to the metal fine particles and are represented by any of the following general formulae I to V:

where, in the general formulae I to V, R 1 is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group, R 2 and R 3 are identical to or different from each other and are each independently H or a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group, p, q, r, and n are each independently an integer from 1 to 12, Y is a reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of a thiol group, a disulfide group, and a thiocyanate group, and X − represents a counter anion selected from the group consisting of a fluoride ion, a chloride ion, a bromide ion, an iodide ion, HCO 3 − , BF 4 − , PF 6 − , CF 3 COO − , CF 3 SO 3 − , NO 3 − , SCN −, N(CN) 2 − , C(CN) 3 − (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C − , a bis(trifluoromethoxysulfonyl)imide anion, a bis(trifluoromethoxysulfonyl)imide anion, and a bis(perfluoroethylsulfonyl)imide anion.

5. The reduction catalyst according to claim 4 , wherein, in the general formulae I to V, R 1 is an amino group substituted with at least one of C 1 to C 12 alkyl groups substituent.

6. A chemical reactor comprising:
an oxidation catalyst layer;
a reduction catalyst layer comprising the reduction catalyst according to claim 1 ; and
a power supply element connected to the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer.

7. A chemical reactor comprising:
an oxidation catalyst layer;
a reduction catalyst layer comprising the reduction catalyst according to claim 4 ; and
a power supply element connected to the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer.

8. The chemical reactor according to claim 6 , wherein the power supply element comprises a semiconductor layer which performs charge separation by light energy.

9. The chemical reactor according to claim 7 , wherein the power supply element comprises a semiconductor layer which performs charge separation by light energy.

10. The chemical reactor according to claim 8 , wherein the semiconductor layer is disposed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer.

11. The chemical reactor according to claim 9 , wherein the semiconductor layer is disposed between the oxidation catalyst layer and the reduction catalyst layer.

12. A method of using a reduction catalyst, the method comprising:
using the reduction catalyst according to claim 1 to reduce a raw material selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, an oxalic acid, a glycolic acid, and a glycol aldehyde to generate a product comprising ethylene glycol.

13. A method of using a reduction catalyst, the method comprising:
using the reduction catalyst according to claim 4 to reduce a raw material selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, an oxalic acid, a glycolic acid, and a glycol aldehyde to generate a product comprising ethylene glycol.

Assignees

• Toshiba Kk

Inventors

• Tamura Jun
• Mikoshiba Satoshi
• Kudo Yuki
• Ono Akihiko
• Kitagawa Ryota
• Yamagiwa Masakazu
• Tsutsumi Eishi
• Sugano Yoshitsune

Classifications

• C25B9/08

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• C07C29/136 Primary

  of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH · CPC title

• C25B1/003

  Chemistry & Metallurgy · mapped topic

• B01J31/28

  of the platinum group metals, iron group metals or copper · CPC title

• C25B1/04

  by electrolysis of water · CPC title