Voltage regulator for a low dropout operational mode

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-10073478-B1
Application number	US-201715727779-A
Country	US
Kind code	B1
Filing date	Oct 9, 2017
Priority date	Oct 9, 2017
Publication date	Sep 11, 2018
Grant date	Sep 11, 2018

Abstract

A voltage regulator includes a first transistor including a first terminal to receive an input voltage and a second transistor including a first terminal coupled to a second terminal of the first transistor. A charge pump couples to the second transistor and to an output voltage node. An amplifier receives a feedback voltage derived from the output voltage and generates a control signal to gates of the transistors. Responsive to the input voltage being more than a threshold larger than the output voltage, the amplifier maintains the second transistor off and the first transistor on such that current flows through the first transistor to the output voltage node but not the second transistor. Responsive to the input voltage being less than the threshold amount, the amplifier operates the first transistor in a triode mode and turns on the second transistor to provide current to the charge pump.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A voltage regulator, comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first terminal configured to receive an input voltage;
a second transistor comprising a first terminal coupled to a second terminal of the first transistor;
a current mode charge pump coupled to a second terminal of the second transistor and to an output voltage node;
an amplifier configured to receive a feedback voltage derived from the output voltage and configured to generate a control signal to provide to gates of the first and second transistors;
wherein, responsive to the input voltage being more than a threshold amount larger than the output voltage, the amplifier is configured to maintain the second transistor in an off state and the first transistor in an on state such that current flows through the first transistor to the output voltage node but not through the second transistor; and
wherein, responsive to the input voltage being less than the threshold amount larger than the output voltage, the amplifier is configured to operate the first transistor in a triode mode and to turn on the second transistor to provide current to the current mode charge pump.

2. The voltage regulator of claim 1 , further comprising a diode comprising an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode is coupled to the second terminal of the first transistor and to the first terminal of the second transistor and wherein the cathode is coupled to the output voltage node.

3. The voltage regulator of claim 2 , wherein responsive to the input voltage being less than the threshold amount larger than the output voltage but larger than a second voltage level, some of a load current flows through the second transistor and the charge pump and the remainder of the load current flows through the diode.

4. The voltage regulator of claim 3 , wherein responsive to the input voltage being less than the second voltage level, all of the load current flows through the second transistor and the charge pump.

5. The voltage regulator of claim 1 , wherein the current mode charge pump circuit comprises:
a first plurality of switches;
a second plurality of switches;
a flip-flop coupled to the first and second pluralities of switches;
a first capacitor; and
a second capacitor;
wherein the flip-flop is configured to generate a pair of control signals that cause the first plurality of switches to couple the first capacitor to the output voltage node and charge the second capacitor while disconnecting the second capacitor from the output voltage node.

6. The voltage regulator of claim 5 , wherein the current mode charge pump includes a comparator that is configured to compare a voltage from the first capacitor to a reference signal and, responsive to a comparison of the reference signal to the first capacitor voltage, to change a state of the pair of control signals such that the first plurality of switches couple the second capacitor to the output voltage node and charge the first capacitor while disconnecting the first capacitor from the output voltage node.

7. The voltage regulator of claim 1 , wherein the first and second transistors comprise p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors and wherein the voltage regulator further comprises a voltage divider coupled between a diode and ground and wherein the voltage divider is configured to generate an error voltage for input to the amplifier.

8. A voltage regulator, comprising:
a first transistor comprising a first terminal configured to receive an input voltage;
a current mode charge pump coupled to an output voltage node;
an amplifier configured to receive a feedback voltage derived from the output voltage and configured to generate a control signal to provide to a control input of the first transistor;
wherein, responsive to the input voltage being more than a threshold amount larger than the output voltage, the amplifier is configured to maintain the first transistor in an on state such that current flows through the first transistor to the output voltage node; and
wherein, responsive to the input voltage being less than the threshold amount larger than the output voltage, the amplifier is configured to operate the first transistor in a triode mode to cause current to flow through the current mode charge pump to the output voltage node.

9. The voltage regulator of claim 8 , further comprising a second transistor including:
a first terminal coupled to a second terminal of the first transistor;
a second terminal coupled the charge pump; and
a control input coupled to the control input of the first transistor and configured to receive the control signal from the amplifier.

10. The voltage regulator of claim 9 , wherein:
responsive to the input voltage being more than the threshold amount larger than the output voltage, the amplifier is configured to generate the control signal to maintain the second transistor in an off state; and
responsive to the input voltage being less than the threshold amount larger than the output voltage, the amplifier is configured to generate the control signal to turn on the second transistor to provide current to the current mode charge pump.

11. The voltage regulator of claim 8 , further comprising a diode comprising an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode is coupled to a second terminal of the first transistor and wherein the cathode is coupled to the output voltage node.

12. The voltage regulator of claim 11 , further comprising a second transistor coupled to the first transistor and the current mode charge pump, wherein responsive to the input voltage being less than the threshold amount larger than the output voltage but larger than a second voltage level, some of a load current flows through the second transistor and the charge pump and the remainder of the load current flows through the diode.

13. The voltage regulator of claim 12 , wherein responsive to the input voltage being less than the second voltage level, all of the load current flows through the second transistor and the charge pump.

14. The voltage regulator of claim 8 , wherein the current mode charge pump circuit comprises:
a first plurality of switches;
a second plurality of switches;
a flip-flop coupled to the first and second pluralities of switches;
a first capacitor; and
a second capacitor;
wherein the flip-flop is configured to generate a pair of control signals that cause the first plurality of switches to couple the first capacitor to the output voltage node and charge the second capacitor while disconnecting the second capacitor from the output voltage node.

15. The voltage regulator of claim 14 , wherein the current mode charge pump includes a comparator that is configured to compare a voltage from the first capacitor to a reference signal and, responsive to a comparison of the reference signal to the first capacitor voltage, to change a state of the pair of control signals such that the first plurality of switches couple the second capacitor to the output voltage node and charge the first capacitor while disconnecting the first capacitor from the output voltage node.

16. A method comprising:
configuring a voltage regulator for a low dropout operational mode in which a first transistor coupled to a charge pump is turned off thereby precluding current from flowing through the charge pump;
detecting whether the input voltage is less than a first threshold;
responsive to a detection that the input voltage is greater than the first threshold, turning on the first transistor so that current flows through the charge pump to a load;
detecting that the

Assignees

• Texas Instruments Inc

Inventors

• Ivanov Vadim Valerievich
• Pulijala Srinivas K
• Sudani Siva Kumar

Classifications

• H02M3/07

  using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode {, e.g. charge pumps} · CPC title

• G05F1/575

  characterised by the feedback circuit · CPC title

• G05F1/595 Primary

  semiconductor devices connected in series · CPC title