Chemical formulations for electrochemical device

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-RE50031-E
Application number	US-202217950044-A
Country	US
Kind code	E1
Filing date	Sep 21, 2022
Priority date	May 18, 2018
Publication date	Jul 2, 2024
Grant date	Jul 2, 2024

Abstract

Chemical additives are disclosed to increase solubility of salts in liquefied gas electrolytes.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A rechargeable electrochemical device, comprising:
an ionically conducting electrolyte comprising a liquefied gas solvent and one or more additives;
a housing enclosing the ionically conducting electrolyte and structured to provide a pressurized condition to the liquefied gas solvent; and
at least two conducting electrodes in contact with the ionically conducting electrolyte;
wherein:
the liquefied gas electrolyte operates at a vapor pressure above an atmospheric pressure of 100 kPa at a room temperature of 293.15 K; and
the liquefied gas solvent is capable of being placed under a compressive pressure equal to, or greater than, the liquefied gas electrolyte's vapor pressure at room temperature when the compressive pressure is applied, thereby keeping the liquefied gas electrolyte in a liquid phase.

2. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a non-cyclic carbonate compound.

3. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 2 , wherein the non-cyclic carbonate compound is selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, butyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, propyl ethyl carbonate, butyl ethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, propyl butyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, fluoromethyl methyl carbonate, difluoromethyl methyl carbonate, trifluoromethyl methyl carbonate, bis(fluoromethyl) carbonate, bis(difluoromethyl) carbonate, bis(trifluoromethyl) carbonate, fluoromethyl ethyl carbonate, difluoromethyl ethyl carbonate, trifluoromethyl ethyl carbonate, fluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, difluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, trifluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, tetrafluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, pentafluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, hexafluoroethyl ethyl carbonate, bis(fluoroethyl) carbonate, bis(difluoroethyl) carbonate, bis(trifluoroethyl) carbonate, bis(tetrafluoroethyl) carbonate, bis(pentafluoroethyl) carbonate, bis(hexafluoroethyl) carbonate, and any combination thereof.

4. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprises a non-cyclic ether compound.

5. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 4 , wherein the non-cyclic ether compound is selected from the group consisting of: methyl propyl ether, methyl butyl ether, diethyl ether, ethyl propyl ether, ethyl butyl ether, dipropyl ether, propyl butyl ether, dibutyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, divinyl ether, glyme, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-propane, trifluoro(trifluoromethoxy)methane, perfluoroethyl ether, fluoromethyl methyl ether, difluoromethyl methyl ether, trifluoromethyl methyl ether, bis(fluoromethyl) ether, bis(difluoromethyl) ether, fluoroethyl methyl ether, difluoroethyl methyl ether, trifluoroethyl methyl ether, bis(fluoroethyl) ether, bis(difluoroethyl) ether, bis(trifluoroethyl) ether, 2-fluoroethoxymethoxyethane, 2,2-difluoroethoxymethoxyethane, methoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyethane, ethoxy-2-fluoroethoxyethane, 2,2-difluoroethoxyethoxyethane, ethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyethane, methyl nonafluorobutyl ether, ethyl nanofluorobutyl ether, 2-fluoroethoxymethoxyethane, 2,2-difluoroethoxymethoxyethane, methoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyethane, ethoxy-2-fluoroethoxyethane, 2,2-difluoroethoxyethoxyethane, ethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxyethane, bis(trifluoro)methyl ether, dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ether, methyl vinyl ether, perfluoromethyl-vinylether, and any combination thereof.

6. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a cyclic ether compound.

7. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 6 , wherein the cyclic ether compound is selected from the group consisting of: propylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, furan, 12-crown-4, 12-crown-5, 18-crown-6, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxolane, 2-methyloxolane, (1,2-propylene oxide), ethylene oxide, octafluorotetrahydrofuran, and any combination thereof.

8. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a nitrile compound.

9. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 8 , wherein the nitrile compound is selected from the group consisting of: acetonitrile, propionitrile, butanenitrile, pentanenitrile, hexanenitrile, hexanedinitrile, pentanedinitrile, butanedinitrile, propanedinitrile, ethanedinitrile, isovaleronitrile, benzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, cyanogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide, ethanedinitrile, and any combination thereof.

10. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the liquefied gas solvent comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of: fluoromethane, difluoromethane, sulfuryl fluoride, sulfuryl chloride, carbon dioxide, 1,1-difluoroethane, chloromethane, nitrous oxide, and a combination thereof.

11. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprise a cyclic carbonate compound.

12. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 11 , wherein the cyclic carbonate compound is selected from the group consisting of: vinyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1,2-butylene carbonate, trans-butylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, difluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoroethylene carbonate, tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, dichloroethylene carbonate, trichloroethylene carbonate, tetrachloroethylene carbonate, fluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, difluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate, bis(fluoromethyl) ethylene carbonate, bis(difluoromethyl) ethylene carbonate, bis(trifluoromethyl) ethylene carbonate, and any combination thereof.

13. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 3 , wherein the liquefied gas solvent comprises fluoromethane, sulfuryl fluoride, and/or carbon dioxide.

14. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more additives comprises acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, and/or dimethyl ether.

15. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , further comprising one or more lithium salts.

16. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical device is a rechargeable battery, ultracapacitor, or supercapacitor.

17. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 16 , wherein the rechargeable battery is a lithium ion battery or lithium metal battery.

18. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrodes comprise one or more of graphite, carbon, graphene, graphene oxide, activated carbon, lithium titanate, titanium disulfide, molybdenum disulfide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt phosphate, lithium nickel phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide, and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide.

19. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrodes are metallic electrodes and comprise one or more of lithium metal, sodium metal or a metal alloy including lithium, sodium, tin, aluminum, or any combination thereof.

20. The rechargeable electrochemical device of claim 16 , wherein the electrodes further comprise various binder polymer components selected from the group consisting of: polyvinylidene fluoride, carboxymethyl cellulose, styrene-butadiene rubber, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

21. A rechargeable lithium battery, comprising:
an ionically conducting electrolyte comprising a liquefied gas solvent and o

Assignees

• South 8 Tech Inc
• Univ California

Inventors

• Rustomji Cyrus Sam
• Yang Yangyuchen
• Davies Daniel
• Lee Jungwoo
• Meng Ying Shirley

Classifications

• H01M2300/0028

  characterised by the solvent · CPC title

• H01M10/0569

  characterised by the solvents · CPC title

• H01M10/0567

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01G11/78

  Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings · CPC title

• H01G11/64

  characterised by additives · CPC title