Power saving with dual-rail supply voltage scheme

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9973191-B2
Application number	US-201615201739-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jul 5, 2016
Priority date	Jul 5, 2016
Publication date	May 15, 2018
Grant date	May 15, 2018

Abstract

In an embodiment, an integrated circuit includes a clock tree circuit and logic circuitry that is clocked by the clocks received from the clock tree circuit. The logic circuit is powered by a first power supply voltage. The integrated circuit includes a voltage regulator that receives the first power supply voltage and generates a second power supply voltage having a magnitude that is lower than the magnitude of the first power supply voltage by a predetermined amount. The second power supply voltage may track the first power supply voltage over dynamic changes during use, either intentional changes to operating state or noise-induced changes. The second power supply voltage may be used to power at least a portion of the clock tree.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. An integrated circuit comprising:
a logic circuit powered by a first power supply voltage having a first magnitude during use;
a clock tree circuit coupled to the logic circuit and configured to distribute a clock to the logic circuit, wherein at least a portion of the clock tree circuit is powered by a second power supply voltage having a second magnitude during use; and
a voltage regulator coupled to the first power supply voltage and configured to generate the second power supply voltage from the first power supply voltage, wherein the second magnitude is less than the first magnitude by a predetermined amount, and wherein the first magnitude changes dynamically during use and the voltage regulator is configured to track the first magnitude with the second magnitude at the predetermined amount less than the first magnitude.

2. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein the predetermined amount is a fixed percentage.

3. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein the predetermined amount is a fixed voltage offset.

4. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 1 further comprising a second voltage regulator configured to generate the first power supply voltage responsive to a third supply voltage that is input to the integrated circuit.

5. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein the clock tree circuit comprises a plurality of levels of buffering including a last level that is connected to the logic circuit, and wherein the last level is powered by the first power supply voltage and one or more other levels of the plurality of levels are powered by the second power supply voltage.

6. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 5 wherein the last level comprises one or more clock gater circuits that combine a level shifter with clocking gating circuitry.

7. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 5 wherein the last level comprises one or more level-shifting buffer circuits.

8. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein the first voltage dynamic changes comprise transient noise-induced changes.

9. The integrated circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein the first voltage dynamic changes comprise intentional changes to the first magnitude.

10. A system comprising:
a power management unit configured to supply one or more power supply voltages to an integrated circuit; and
the integrated circuit coupled to the power management unit, wherein the integrated circuit comprises a voltage regulator coupled to a first power supply voltage and configured to generate a second power supply voltage that supplies at least a portion of a clock tree circuit in the integrated circuit, wherein the first power supply voltage has a first magnitude that is greater than a second magnitude of the second power supply voltage, and wherein the first power supply voltage powers a plurality of sinks of the clock tree circuit, and wherein the first magnitude changes dynamically during use and the voltage regulator is configured to track the first magnitude with the second magnitude in a fixed relationship to the first magnitude.

11. The system as recited in claim 10 wherein the first power supply voltage is one of the one or more power supply voltages received by the integrated circuit from the power management unit.

12. The system as recited in claim 11 wherein the integrated circuit further comprises a second voltage regulator configured to generate the first power supply voltage responsive to one of the one or more power supply voltages received by the integrated circuit from the power management unit.

13. The system as recited in claim 10 wherein the fixed relationship is a fixed percentage.

14. The system as recited in claim 10 wherein the fixed relationship is a fixed difference.

15. The system as recited in claim 10 wherein the clock tree circuit comprises a plurality of levels of buffering from a clock source to the plurality of sinks, and wherein a last level of the plurality of levels before the plurality of sinks is powered by the first power supply voltage.

16. The system as recited in claim 15 wherein one or more other levels of the plurality of levels are included in the portion that is powered by the second power supply voltage.

17. The system as recited in claim 15 wherein the last level comprises level shifters.

18. The system as recited in claim 17 wherein the level shifters include combined clock gate/level shifter circuits.

19. A non-transitory computer accessible storage medium storing a data structure which is operated upon by a program executable on a computer system, the program operating on the data structure to perform a portion of a process to fabricate an integrated circuit including circuitry described by the data structure, the circuitry described in the data structure including:
a logic circuit powered by a first power supply voltage having a first magnitude during use;
a clock tree circuit coupled to the logic circuit and configured to distribute a clock to the logic circuit, wherein at least a portion of the clock tree circuit is powered by a second power supply voltage having a second magnitude during use; and
a voltage regulator coupled to the first power supply voltage, and configured to generate the second power supply voltage from the first power supply voltage, wherein the second magnitude is less than the first magnitude by a predetermined amount, and wherein the first magnitude changes dynamically during use and the voltage regulator is configured to track the first magnitude with the second magnitude at the predetermined amount less than the first magnitude.

20. The non-transitory computer accessible storage medium as recited in claim 19 wherein the clock tree circuit comprises a plurality of levels of buffering including a last level that is connected to the logic circuit, and wherein the last level is powered by the first power supply voltage and one or more other levels of the plurality of levels are powered by the second power supply voltage, and wherein the last level comprises one or more clock gater circuits that combine a level shifter with clocking gating circuitry.

Assignees

• Apple Inc

Inventors

• Klass Edgardo F

Classifications

• H03K19/0016 Primary

  by using a control or a clock signal, e.g. in order to apply power supply · CPC title

• H03K19/17784

  for supply voltage · CPC title

• G06F1/10

  Distribution of clock signals {, e.g. skew} · CPC title

• H03K19/018521

  of complementary type, e.g. CMOS · CPC title

• H03K3/012

  Modifications of generator to improve response time or to decrease power consumption · CPC title