Producing carbon-based boundary films from catalytically active lubricant additives

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9951291-B2
Application number	US-201514720021-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	May 22, 2015
Priority date	May 22, 2015
Publication date	Apr 24, 2018
Grant date	Apr 24, 2018

Abstract

A lubricant composition includes an oil including a plurality of long-chain hydrocarbon molecules. A quantity of a catalytically active metal-organic additive is mixed with the oil. The metal-organic additive is formulated to fragment the long-chain hydrocarbon molecules of the oil into at least one of dimers and trimers under the influence of at least one of a mechanical loading and a thermal loading. In some embodiments, the metal-organic additive includes a compound of formula II:

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn, and
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl or alkyl halide.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A lubricant composition, comprising:
an oil including a plurality of long-chain hydrocarbon molecules; and
a quantity of a catalytically active metal-organic additive mixed with the oil, the metal-organic additive formulated to fragment at least a portion of the long-chain hydrocarbon molecules of the oil into at least one of dimers and trimers under the influence at least one of a mechanical loading and a thermal loading.

2. The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the oil includes at least one of a poly-alpha-olefin oil, an ester based oil, a silicone based oil, a plant oil, a vegetable oil, polyalkylene glycol based oil or a fluorocarbon based oil.

3. The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes a compound of a catalytic metal, the metal including at least one of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn.

4. The lubricant composition of claim 3 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes oxides of the catalytic metal.

5. The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes a compound of formula I:
(X n R y ) z   (I)

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn;
n is 1, 2 or 3;
R is Cl, Br, I, F, O, C, S, SH or N;
y is 1, 2 or 3; and
z is 1, 2 or 3.

6. The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes a metal beta-diketonate.

7. The lubricant composition of claim 6 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes a compound of formula II:

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn; and
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl or alkyl halide.

8. The lubricant composition of claim 7 , where X is Ni or Cu.

9. The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes at least one of (XR) 3 , X(dmae) 2 , X(dmap) 2 , X(deap) 2 , X(OCR 2 CH 2 NHR′) 2 , [X(sBu-amd)] 2 , [X(iPr-amd)] 2 , [X(iPr-guan)] 2 , [X(dtip)] 2 , X(dki)(vtms), X(hfac)(vtms), X(hfac)(vtmos), X(nhc)(hmds) and [X(hmds)] 4 ,
where:
X is Sc, Ti, Y, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn; and
R and R′ are alkyl or alkyl halide.

10. The lubricant composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal-organic additive comprises a compound of formula III:

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn.

11. An apparatus, comprising;
a first member including a first surface;
a lubricant disposed on the first surface, the lubricant comprising:
an oil including a plurality of long-chain hydrocarbon molecules, and
a quantity of a catalytically active metal-organic additive mixed with the oil, the metal-organic additive having catalytic activity to fragment at least a portion of the long-chain hydrocarbon molecules of the oil into at least one of dimers and trimers under the influence of at least one of a mechanical loading and a thermal loading;
the metal organic additive selected from a group consisting of a compound of formula I, a compound of formula II, and a compound of formula III, where the compound of formula I is
(X n R y ) z

X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn; n is 1,2 or 3; R is Cl, Br, I, F, O, C, S, SH or N; y is 1, 2 or 3; and z is 1, 2 or 3;
where the compound of formula II is

where: X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn; and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl or alkyl halide,
where the compound of formula II is

where: X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn; and
a second member including a second surface, the second surface positioned on the lubricant disposed on the first surface, the first member positioned relative to the second surface of the second member such that the second surface is engaged with and slidable on the lubricant.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the oil includes at least one of a poly-alpha-olefin oil, an ester based oil, a silicone based oil, a plant oil, a vegetable oil, a polyalkylene glycol based oil or a fluorocarbon based oil.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes the compound of formula I:
(X n R y ) z   (I)

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn;
n is 1, 2 or 3;
R is Cl, Br, I, F, O, C, S, SH or N;
y is 1, 2 or 3; and
z is 1, 2 or 3.

14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes the compound of formula II:

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn; and
R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl or alkyl halide.

15. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the metal-organic additive includes at least one of (XR) 3 , X(dmae) 2 , X(dmap) 2 , X(deap) 2 , X(OCR 2 CH 2 NHR′) 2 , [X(sBu-amd)] 2 , [X(iPr-amd)] 2 , [X(iPr-guan)] 2 , [X(dtip)] 2 , X(dki)(vtms), X(hfac)(vtms), X(hfac)(vtmos), X(nhc)(hmds) and [X(hmds)] 4 ,
where:
X is Sc, Ti, Y, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn;
R and R′ are alkyl or alkyl halide.

16. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the metal-organic additive comprises the compound of formula III:

where:
X is Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs, Mt, Ds, Rg or Cn.

17. A method of preparing a lubricant, comprising:
providing an oil including a plurality of long-chain hydrocarbon molecules;
adding a predetermined quantity of a catalytically active metal-organic additive to the oil, the metal-organic additive formulated to fragment at least a portion of the long-chain hydrocarbon molecules of the oil into at least one of dimers and trimers under the influence of at least one of a mechanical loading and a thermal loading; and
mixing the metal-organic additive with the oil to homogenously distribute the metal-organic additive in the oil.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the oil includes at least one of a poly-alpha-olefin oil, an ester based oil, a silicone based oil, a plant oil, a vegetable oil, a polyalkylene glycol based oil

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Erdemir Ali
• Mane Anil U
• Elam Jeffrey W
• Ramirez Giovanni
• Eryilmaz Osman

Classifications

• C10M2227/09

  Complexes with metals · CPC title

• C10M2229/025

  used as base material · CPC title

• C10M2207/401

  used as base material · CPC title

• C10M2201/062

  Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates · CPC title

• C10M2227/081

  with a metal carbon bond belonging to a ring, e.g. ferocene · CPC title