Methods and apparatus for measuring analytes

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9944981-B2
Application number	US-201313797865-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 12, 2013
Priority date	Oct 22, 2008
Publication date	Apr 17, 2018
Grant date	Apr 17, 2018

Abstract

Methods and apparatus relating to FET arrays for monitoring chemical and/or biological reactions such as nucleic acid sequencing-by-synthesis reactions. Some methods provided herein relate to improving signal (and also signal to noise ratio) from released hydrogen ions during nucleic acid sequencing reactions.

First claim

What is claimed:

1. An apparatus comprising:
an array of sensors, a sensor of the array of sensors including an electrode structure in communication with an ion-sensitive field effect-transistor (ISFET);
a structure defining an array of reaction chambers, a reaction chamber of the array of reaction chambers having a sidewall surface and having a lower surface overlying the electrode structure of the sensor; and
a buffering inhibitor disposed on at least one of the sidewall surface or the lower surface of the reaction chamber.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buffering inhibitor includes a phospholipid.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the phospholipid includes phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, or phosphatidylserine.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buffering inhibitor includes a sulfonic acid surfactant.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the sulfonic acid surfactant includes poly(ethylene glycol) 4-nonylphenyl 3-sulfopropyl ether (PNSE), poly(styrenesulfonic acid), or a salt thereof.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buffering inhibitor includes poly(diallydimethylammonium), tetramethyl ammonium, or a salt thereof.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buffering inhibitor is covalently bound to the at least one of the sidewall surface or the lower surface of the reaction chamber.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the buffering inhibitor is non-covalently bound to the at least one of the sidewall surface or the lower surface of the reaction chamber.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ion sensitive field effect transistor is responsive to pH.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ISFET communicates with the electrode through a floating gate.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ISFET defines a solid-state device.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a floating gate to communicate a charge between the electrode structure and the ISFET.

Assignees

• Life Technologies Corp

Inventors

• Rothberg Jonathan
• Hinz Wolfgang
• Davidson John
• Van Oijen Antoine
• Leamon John
• Huber Martin

Classifications

• H10D84/01

  Manufacture or treatment · CPC title

• C12Q1/6874 Primary

  involving nucleic acid arrays, e.g. sequencing by hybridisation · CPC title

• C12Q2565/607

  being a sensor, e.g. electrode · CPC title

• H01L21/82

  Electricity · mapped topic

• G01N27/4145 Primary

  specially adapted for biomolecules, e.g. gate electrode with immobilised receptors · CPC title