High capacity electrode materials for batteries and process for their manufacture

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9935314-B2
Application number	US-201414227341-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Mar 27, 2014
Priority date	Sep 29, 2011
Publication date	Apr 3, 2018
Grant date	Apr 3, 2018

Abstract

The present invention provides a nanostructured metal oxide material for use as a component of an electrode in a lithium-ion or sodium-ion battery. The material comprises a nanostructured titanium oxide or vanadium oxide film on a metal foil substrate, produced by depositing or forming a nanostructured titanium dioxide or vanadium oxide material on the substrate, and then charging and discharging the material in an electrochemical cell from a high voltage in the range of about 2.8 to 3.8 V, to a low voltage in the range of about 0.8 to 1.4 V over a period of about 1/30 of an hour or less. Lithium-ion and sodium-ion electrochemical cells comprising electrodes formed from the nanostructured metal oxide materials, as well as batteries formed from the cells, also are provided.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A crystalline nanostructured metal oxide material for use as a component of an electrode in a lithium-ion battery; wherein the crystalline nanostructured metal oxide material is produced by electrochemical anodization of a surface of a titanium foil substrate to form an amorphous film of TiO 2 nanotubes, subsequently drying the amorphous film to remove water, and then charging and discharging the amorphous film in a lithium electrochemical cell from a high voltage in the range of about 2.6 to 3 V, to a low voltage in the range of about 0.7 to 1 V, over a period of about 1/30 of an hour or less.

2. The nanostructured metal oxide material of claim 1 wherein the titanium dioxide nanotubes comprise densely packed TiO 2 , nanotubes oriented perpendicular to the surface of the titanium foil substrate.

3. The nanostructured metal oxide material of claim 2 wherein the densely packed TiO 2 nanotubes have a wall thickness of about 8 to 12 nm and an outer tubular diameter of about 50 to 70 nm.

4. The nanostructured metal oxide material of claim 2 wherein the densely packed TiO 2 nanotubes have a wall thickness of about 18 to 25 nm and an outer tubular diameter of about 100 to 150 nm.

5. A lithium-ion electrochemical cell comprising a cathode, an anode and a nonaqueous lithium-containing electrolyte therebetween, wherein the anode comprises the nanostructured metal oxide material of claim 1 .

6. A lithium-ion battery comprising a plurality of electrochemically linked electrochemical cells of claim 5 .

Assignees

• Uchicago Argonne Llc

Inventors

• Johnson Christopher S
• Xiong Hui
• Rajh Tijana
• Shevchenko Elena
• Tepavcevic Sanja

Classifications

• H01M4/0445

  Forming after manufacture of the electrode, e.g. first charge, cycling · CPC title

• H01M4/139

  Processes of manufacture · CPC title

• H01M4/13

  Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof · CPC title

• H01M4/48 Primary

  of inorganic oxides or hydroxides · CPC title

• H01M4/661

  Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings (H01M4/669 take precedence) · CPC title