Nano-tribology compositions and related methods including hard particles

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9902918-B2
Application number	US-201414302030-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 11, 2014
Priority date	Jan 12, 2006
Publication date	Feb 27, 2018
Grant date	Feb 27, 2018

Abstract

Compositions having a plurality of hard particles and a plurality of lubricant nanoparticles are disclosed. Methods of making and using the compositions are also disclosed.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A composition comprising:
a plurality of hard particles;
a plurality of lubricant nanoparticles having an average particle size of less than or equal to about 500 nm and an open architecture; and
an organic medium intercalated in the lubricant nanoparticles.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one of a metal boride, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a metal silicide, a solid state solution of any thereof, or a particulate mixture of any thereof.

3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one of a metal boride, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a metal silicide, a solid state solution of any thereof, or a particulate mixture of any thereof, wherein the metal comprises at least one element selected from groups IIIA, IVB, VB, and VIB of the periodic table.

4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one of a metal boride, a metal carbide, a metal nitride, a metal oxide, a metal silicide, a solid state solution of any thereof, or a particulate mixture of any thereof, wherein the metal comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten.

5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one of synthetic diamond, natural diamond, amorphous carbon, or nanocrystalline carbon.

6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein the synthetic diamond particles or the natural diamond particles comprise polycrystalline diamond.

7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal carbide.

8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal carbide selected from the group consisting of tungsten carbides, molybdenum carbides, chromium carbides, tantalum carbides, niobium carbides, vanadium carbides, hafnium carbides, zirconium carbides, titanium carbides, boron carbides, silicon carbides, solid state solutions of any thereof, and particulate mixtures of any thereof.

9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal nitride.

10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal nitride selected from the group consisting of cubic boron nitrides, silicon nitrides, titanium nitrides, zirconium nitrides, hafnium nitrides, tungsten nitrides, solid state solutions of any thereof, and particulate mixtures of any thereof.

11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal oxide.

12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxides, cerium oxides, titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, solid state solutions of any thereof, and particulate mixtures of any thereof.

13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal boride.

14. The composition of claim 13 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal boride selected from the group consisting of titanium diboride, zirconium diboride, hafnium diboride, tantalum borides, tungsten borides, silicon borides, solid state solutions of any thereof, and particulate mixtures of any thereof.

15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal carbonitride.

16. The composition of claim 15 , wherein the hard particles comprise at least one metal carbonitride selected from the group consisting of boron carbonitrides, silicon carbonitrides, titanium carbonitrides, zirconium carbonitrides, hafnium carbonitrides, tungsten carbonitrides, solid state solutions of any thereof, and particulate mixtures of any thereof.

17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the hard particles have an average particle size of less than or equal to 500 nm.

18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant nanoparticles have an average particle size of less than or equal to 100 nm.

19. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant nanoparticles are intercalated and encapsulated with the organic medium.

20. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles, tungsten disulfide nanoparticles, hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles, graphite nanoparticles, and combinations of any thereof.

21. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the lubricant nanoparticles comprise molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles.

22. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the organic medium comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of oil mediums, grease mediums, alcohol mediums, composite oils, canola oil, vegetable oil, soybean oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, ethyl and methyl esters of rapeseed oil, monoglycerides, distilled monoglycerides, diglycerides, acetic acid esters of monoglycerides, organic acid esters of monoglycerides, sorbitan, sorbitan esters of fatty acids, propylene glycol esters of fatty acids, polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, hydrocarbon oils, n-hexadecane, phospholipids, and combinations of any thereof.

23. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the organic medium comprises an oil medium selected from the group consisting of a composite oil, canola oil, vegetable oil, soybean oil, corn oil, a hydrocarbon oil, a mineral oil, and combinations of any thereof.

24. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the organic medium comprises a vegetable oil.

25. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a solid lubricant material in addition to the lubricant nanoparticles, wherein the solid lubricant material is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, soft metals, silver, lead, nickel, copper, cerium fluoride, zinc oxide, silver sulfate, cadmium iodide, lead iodide, barium fluoride, tin sulfide, zinc phosphate, zinc sulfide, mica, boron nitrate, borax, fluorinated carbon, zinc phosphide, boron, and combinations of any thereof.

26. The composition of claim 25 , wherein the additional solid lubricant material comprises nanoparticles having an average particle dimension of less than or equal to about 500 nm.

27. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a base lubricant material, wherein the hard particles and the lubricant nanoparticles are dispersed in the base lubricant material.

28. The composition of claim 27 , wherein the base lubricant material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of an oil, a grease, a plastic, a gel, a wax, a silicone, a hydrocarbon oil, a vegetable oil, corn oil, peanut oil, canola oil, soybean oil, a mineral oil, a paraffin oil, a synthetic oil, a petroleum gel, a petroleum grease, a hydrocarbon gel, a hydrocarbon grease, a lithium based grease, a fluoroether based grease, ethylenebistearamide, and combinations of any thereof.

29. The composition of claim 27 , wherein the base lubricant material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of an oil, a grease, a plastic, a gel, a paste, a wax, a silicone, and combinations of any thereof.

30. The composition of claim 27 , wherein the base lubricant material comprises an oil or a grease.

31. The composition of claim 27 , wherein the base lubricant mate

Assignees

• Univ Arkansas

Inventors

• Malshe Ajay P

Classifications

• C10M2201/081

  containing halogen · CPC title

• C10M2207/2815

  used as base material · CPC title

• C10M2207/0406

  used as base material · CPC title

• B05D3/007

  After-treatment · CPC title

• C10M169/042

  the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only · CPC title