Hydrocarbon fuel reactor for separating and purifying carbon dioxide

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9890949-B2
Application number	US-201514849695-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Sep 10, 2015
Priority date	Sep 10, 2015
Publication date	Feb 13, 2018
Grant date	Feb 13, 2018

Abstract

A reactor for hydrocarbon fuel is provided. The reactor uses interconnected fluidized beds (IFB) in chemical-looping combustion for multi-stage reduction reactions of an iron-based oxygen carrier, namely hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ). Three-phase reduction reactions of Fe 2 O 3 are accurately and completely controlled. The three-phase reduction reactions are separately processed while oxygen in Fe 2 O 3 is fully released. Carbon dioxide with high purity is further obtained while hydrogen can be generated as a byproduct under a certain condition. Hence, the present invention has fast throughput, high-efficiency operation and low cost.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A hydrocarbon fuel reactor for separating and purifying carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), comprising:
a first reduction reactor,
wherein said first reduction reactor comprises a first lean bed and a first dense bed; said first dense bed has a first orifice at a side of a lowest position of said first dense bed; and said first lean bed has a first weir output at a side of a highest position of said first lean bed; and
wherein an iron-based oxygen carrier of hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) is added in said first lean bed of said first reduction reactor to process a first-stage reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel; after said first-stage reduction reaction, a gas comprising CO 2 and steam is generated with Fe 2 O 3 reduced into magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ); Fe 3 O 4 is elevated in said first lean bed and passes through said first weir output to enter and sink into said first dense bed; a carrying gas of CO 2 enters into said first dense bed from a bottom of said first dense bed to pass Fe 3 O 4 through said first orifice;

a second reduction reactor,
wherein said second reduction reactor is connected with said first reduction reactor; said second reduction reactor comprises a second lean bed and a second dense bed; said second dense bed has a second orifice at a side of a lowest position of said second dense bed; and said second lean bed has a second weir output at a side of a highest position of said second lean bed; and
wherein Fe 3 O 4 enters into said second lean bed from said first orifice to process a second-stage reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel; after said second-stage reduction reaction, a gas comprising CO 2 and steam is generated with Fe 3 O 4 reduced into wüstite (FeO); FeO is elevated in said second lean bed and passes through said second weir output to enter and sink into said second dense bed; a carrying gas of CO 2 enters into said second dense bed from a bottom of said second dense bed to pass FeO through said second orifice;

a third reduction reactor,
wherein said third reduction reactor is connected with said second reduction reactor; said third reduction reactor comprises a third lean bed and a third dense bed; said third dense bed has a third orifice at a side of a lowest position of said third dense bed; and said third lean bed has a third weir output at a side of a highest position of said third lean bed; and
wherein FeO enters into said third lean bed from said second orifice to process a third-stage reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel; after said third-stage reduction reaction, a gas comprising CO 2 and steam is generated with FeO reduced into iron (Fe); Fe is elevated in said third lean bed and passes through said third weir output to enter and sink into said third dense bed; a carrying gas of CO 2 enters into said third dense bed from a bottom of said third dense bed to pass Fe through said third orifice; and

an oxidation reactor,
wherein said oxidation reactor is connected with said third reduction reactor and said first reduction reactor; said oxidation reactor comprises a fourth lean bed and a fourth dense bed; said fourth dense bed has a fourth orifice at a side of a lowest position of said fourth dense bed to be connected with said first lean bed of said first reduction reactor; and said fourth lean bed has a fourth weir output at a side of a highest position of said fourth lean bed; and
wherein Fe enters into said fourth lean bed from said third orifice to process an oxidation reaction with air; after said oxidation reaction, a gas comprising nitrogen and oxygen is outputted with Fe transformed into Fe 2 O 3 ; Fe 2 O 3 is elevated in said fourth lean bed and passes through said fourth weir output to enter and sink into said fourth dense; a carrying gas of air enters into said fourth dense bed from a bottom of said fourth dense bed to pass Fe 2 O 3 through said fourth orifice,
wherein a looping process is formed by delivering Fe 2 O 3 from said fourth dense bed of said oxidation reactor to said first lean bed of said first reduction reactor through said fourth orifice to be provided as said iron-based oxygen carrier added in said first lean bed of said first reduction reactor again.

2. The hydrocarbon fuel reactor according to claim 1 ,
wherein said first-, said second- and said third-stage reduction reactions are processed at temperatures of 400˜950 Celsius degrees (° C.).

3. A hydrocarbon fuel reactor for separating and purifying CO 2 , comprising:
a first reduction reactor,
wherein said first reduction reactor comprises a first lean bed and a first dense bed; said first dense bed has a first orifice at a side of a lowest position of said first dense bed; and said first lean bed has a first weir output at a side of a highest position of said first lean bed; and
wherein Fe 2 O 3 is added in said first lean bed as an iron-based oxygen carrier in said first reduction reactor to process a first-stage reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel; after said first-stage reduction reaction, a gas comprising CO 2 and steam is generated with Fe 2 O 3 reduced into Fe 3 O 4 ; Fe 3 O 4 is elevated in said first lean bed and passes through said first weir output to enter and sink into said first dense bed; a carrying gas of CO 2 enters into said first dense bed from a bottom of said first dense bed to pass Fe 3 O 4 through said first orifice;

a second reduction reactor,
wherein said second reduction reactor is connected with said first reduction reactor; said second reduction reactor comprises a second lean bed and a second dense bed; said second dense bed has a second orifice at a side of a lowest position of said second dense bed; and said second lean bed has a second weir output at a side of a highest position of said second lean bed; and
wherein Fe 3 O 4 enters into said second lean bed from said first orifice to process a second-stage reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel; after said second-stage reduction reaction, a gas comprising CO 2 and steam is generated with Fe 3 O 4 reduced into FeO; FeO is elevated in said second lean bed and passes through said second weir output to enter and sink into said second dense bed; a carrying gas of CO 2 enters into said second dense bed from a bottom of said second dense bed to pass FeO through said second orifice;

a third reduction reactor,
wherein said third reduction reactor is connected with said second reduction reactor; said third reduction reactor comprises a third lean bed and a third dense bed; said third dense bed has a third orifice at a side of a lowest position of said third dense bed; and said third lean bed has a third weir output at a side of a highest position of said third lean bed; and
wherein FeO enters into said third lean bed from said second orifice to process a third-stage reduction reaction with a hydrocarbon fuel; after said third-stage reduction reaction, a gas comprising CO 2 and steam is generated with FeO reduced into iron (Fe); Fe is elevated in said third lean bed and passes through said third weir output to enter and sink into said third dense bed; a carrying gas of CO 2 enters into said third dense bed from a bottom of said third dense bed to pass Fe through said third orifice; and

an oxidation reactor,
wherein said oxidation reactor is connected with said third reduction reactor and said first reduction reactor; said oxidation reactor comprises a fourth lean bed and a fourth dense bed; said fourth dense bed has a fourth orifice at a side of a lowest position of said fourth dense bed to be connected with said first lean bed of said first reduction reactor; and said fourth lean bed has a fourth weir output at a side of a highest position of said fourth lean bed; and
wherein Fe enters into said fourth lean bed from said third orifice to process an oxidation reaction with steam; after said oxidation r

Assignees

• Iner Aec Executive Yuan

Inventors

• Chyou Yau Pin
• Chen Po Chuang
• Huang Ching Ying
• Wu Keng Tung
• Jian Yu Jhan

Classifications

• F23C10/005 Primary

  comprising two or more beds · CPC title

• F23C2900/99008

  Unmixed combustion, i.e. without direct mixing of oxygen gas and fuel, but using the oxygen from a metal oxide, e.g. FeO · CPC title

• Y02E20/346

  Cross-Sectional Technologies · mapped topic

• Y02E20/34

  Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery · CPC title