Gasification reactor and process for entrained-flow gasification

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9890341-B2
Application number	US-201615044651-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Feb 16, 2016
Priority date	Sep 18, 2007
Publication date	Feb 13, 2018
Grant date	Feb 13, 2018

Abstract

A process and device for the gasification of liquid or fine-grain solid fuel materials in a reactor is described. Synthesis gas is generated in a first reaction chamber arranged in the upper part of the reactor; feedstock is fed to the upper part. Liquid slag precipitates on its lateral walls. The lower side has a hole with a slag drop-off edge; generated synthesis gas can be withdrawn in downward direction and the liquid slag can drop off the edge. A second chamber delimited by a water film is located under the opening. A third chamber adjacent to the bottom of the second is fed with water. A water bath is adjacent the bottom of the third chamber. The synthesis gas is withdrawn from the pressure vessel in an area at the side or below the third chamber, but located above the water bath.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A gasification reactor for generating synthesis gas by gasification of a liquid or fine-grain, solid fuel materials, comprising:
a first reaction chamber arranged in an upper part of the reactor, wherein:
an upper part of the first reaction chamber houses a feeding device for the feedstock; and
lateral walls of the first reaction chamber are provided with one of:
tubes having internal cooling designed to form a membrane wall; and
tube coils from which liquid slag can freely flow downwards so that the surface of the slag cannot solidify; and

a lower side of the first reaction chamber has an opening with a slag drop-off edge;

a second chamber located under the opening, which is used to keep the synthesis gas dry and cool by radiation cooling, wherein:
the second chamber includes a device for producing a water film, the device comprising a tapered speed-up chute causing the water to fall down and move toward a centerline of the second chamber;

a third chamber located underneath the second chamber and equipped with water supply equipment;
a device housing a water bath located adjacent to the bottom of the third chamber, the device including a withdrawing device for withdrawing a mixture of water and slag; and
a withdrawing device for removing the synthesis gas from the reactor which is installed below or on the side of the third chamber.

2. The reactor in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising at least two burners provided in the first reaction chamber and attached by separate fixtures to the lateral wall of the said chamber.

3. The reactor in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the burners are aligned in a secant-type manner in that space, at a horizontal angle of 20° and a vertical angle of 45°.

4. The reactor in accordance with claim 1 , further comprising at least one burner installed in a ceiling of the gasification reactor.

5. The reactor in accordance with claim 1 , comprising a flow straightener provided in an outlet section of the gasification reactor.

6. The reactor in accordance with claim 1 , comprising a tapered water chute installed between the second chamber and third chamber.

7. The reactor in accordance with claim 6 , comprising a protective shield mounted between the second reaction chamber and the water chute.

8. The reactor in accordance with claim 1 , comprising a vertical partition wall installed in the third chamber.

9. The reactor in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the device accommodating the water bath is equipped with a central slag collecting vessel and an annular space for water laden with fine dust particles.

Assignees

• Thyssenkrupp Ind Solutions Ag

Inventors

• Kowoll Johannes
• Kuske Eberhard
• Abraham Ralf
• Heinritz Adrian Max

Classifications

• C01B3/02

  Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen · CPC title

• C10J2300/0943

  Coke · CPC title

• C10J2300/1223

  by burners · CPC title

• C10J3/82 Primary

  Gas withdrawal means · CPC title

• Y02P20/145

  the feedstock being materials of biological origin · CPC title