Alkoxide-based magnesium electrolyte compositions for magnesium batteries

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9882245-B2
Application number	US-201313974566-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Aug 23, 2013
Priority date	Aug 23, 2013
Publication date	Jan 30, 2018
Grant date	Jan 30, 2018

Abstract

Alkoxide magnesium halide compounds having the formula:

RO—Mg—X  (1)

wherein R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group that is unsubstituted, or alternatively, substituted with one or more heteroatom linkers and/or one or more heteroatom-containing groups comprising at least one heteroatom selected from fluorine, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and silicon; and X is a halide atom. Also described are electrolyte compositions containing a compound of Formula (1) in a suitable polar aprotic or ionic solvent, as well as magnesium batteries in which such electrolytes are incorporated.

First claim

What is claimed is:

1. A magnesium battery comprising:
(i) a negative electrode comprising magnesium;
(ii) a positive electrode; and
(iii) an electrolyte positioned between the negative and positive electrodes, the electrolyte comprising a compound of the formula:

wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon groups having at least 1 and up to 12 carbon atoms, wherein said hydrocarbon groups are optionally substituted with one or more fluorine atoms; X is a halide atom; and the bonds depicted between RO or X and Mg are understood to be predominantly ionic in nature.

2. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein said negative electrode comprises elemental magnesium.

3. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein said positive electrode is comprised of a transition metal oxide or transition metal sulfide material.

4. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein said positive electrode is comprised of a material of the formula M x Mo 6 T 8 , wherein M is at least one metal selected from alkaline earth and transition metals, T is selected from at least one of sulfur, selenium, and tellurium, and x is a value of 0 to 2.

5. The magnesium battery of claim 4 , wherein T comprises at least sulfur.

6. The magnesium battery of claim 4 , wherein M is selected from Mg, Cu, Ni, and Ag.

7. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon groups having at least 1 and up to 6 carbon atoms, wherein said hydrocarbon groups may be substituted with one or more fluorine atoms.

8. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are independently selected from hydrogen atom and unsubstituted straight-chained and branched alkyl groups.

9. The magnesium battery of claim 8 , wherein said unsubstituted straight-chained or branched alkyl group is selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methylbut-1-yl, isopentyl, 1,2-dimethylprop-1-yl, 1,1-dimethylprop-1-yl, neopentyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methylpent-1-yl, 3-methylpent-1-yl, isohexyl, 1,1-dimethylbut-1-yl, 1,2-dimethylbut-1-yl, 2,2-dimethylbut-1-yl, 2,3-dimethylbut-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylbut-1-yl, 1,1,2-trimethylprop-1-yl, and 1,2,2-trimethylprop-1-yl groups.

10. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein said electrolyte compound according to Formula (1) is complexed with a Lewis acid compound.

11. The magnesium battery of claim 10 , wherein said Lewis acid compound is selected from compounds of aluminum, boron, iron, and titanium.

12. The magnesium battery of claim 11 , wherein said Lewis acid compound is selected from AlX 3 , BX 3 , PX 3 , AlX 2 R 4 , FeX 2 , FeX 3 , SbX 3 , and TiX 4 , wherein X is independently selected from halogen atoms, and R 4 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

13. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , wherein said electrolyte further comprises a polar aprotic solvent non-reactive with components of the magnesium battery.

14. The magnesium battery of claim 13 , wherein said polar aprotic solvent includes at least one ether group.

15. The magnesium battery of claim 1 , further comprising a solid porous membrane positioned between the negative and positive electrodes.

Assignees

• Ut Battelle Llc

Inventors

• Dai Sheng
• Sun Xiao-Guang
• Liao Chen
• Guo Bingkun

Classifications

• H01M10/0568 Primary

  characterised by the solutes · CPC title

• H01M4/581

  Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof · CPC title

• H01M2300/0025

  Organic electrolyte · CPC title

• H01M10/0567

  characterised by the additives · CPC title

• H01M4/381

  Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements (H01M4/40 takes precedence) · CPC title