Nanofluids containing carbon nanotubes and metal oxide nanoparticle composites with enhanced heat transfer and heat capacity properties

Patent metadata

Field	Value
Publication number	US-9879167-B2
Application number	US-201514752297-A
Country	US
Kind code	B2
Filing date	Jun 26, 2015
Priority date	Jun 26, 2015
Publication date	Jan 30, 2018
Grant date	Jan 30, 2018

Abstract

A nanofluid composed of a base fluid and a solid nanocomposite particle, where the solid nanocomposite particle consists of a carbon nanotube and a metal oxide nanoparticle selected from the group consisting of Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , and CuO. The metal oxide nanoparticle is affixed inside of or to the outer surface of the carbon nanotube, and the solid nanocomposite particle is homogeneously dispersed in the base fluid. The heat transfer and specific heat capacity properties of the nanofluid are measured using differential scanning calorimetry and heat exchanger experiments with different nanocomposite concentrations and different metal oxide percent loadings.

First claim

The invention claimed is:

1. A nanofluid comprising:
a base fluid comprising at least one of an aqueous fluid, a non-aqueous fluid and combinations thereof;
a solid nanocomposite particle comprising a carbon nanotube and a metal oxide nanoparticle selected from the group consisting of Fe 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , and CuO wherein the metal oxide nanoparticle is affixed inside of or to the outer surface of the carbon nanotube;
wherein the carbon nanotube is not functionalized with reactive functional groups;
wherein the solid nanocomposite particle is homogeneously dispersed in the base fluid; and
wherein the nanofluid does not contain a surfactant.

2. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the base fluid is water.

3. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide nanoparticle is affixed to an outer surface of the carbon nanotube.

4. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particle comprises 0.5-13% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight based on the total weight of the nanocomposite particle.

5. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particle comprises 0.5-3% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight and the metal oxide nanoparticle is a crystal particle with a longest diameter of 0.5-10 nm.

6. The nanocomposite of claim 5 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particle reaches a maximum % weight loss at 530-570° C. under a thermal degradation condition in an air atmosphere.

7. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particle comprises 7-13% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight and the metal oxide nanoparticle is a crystal particle with a longest diameter of 1-20 nm.

8. The nanocomposite of claim 7 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particle reaches a maximum % weight loss at 480-520° C. under a thermal degradation condition in an air atmosphere.

9. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube is a multi-walled carbon nanotube.

10. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube has a greatest outer diameter of 10-50 nm.

11. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the carbon nanotube has a greatest length of 5-35 μm.

12. The nanofluid of claim 1 , wherein the nanofluid comprises 0.005-0.15% solid nanocomposite particles by weight based on the total weight of the nanofluid.

13. The nanofluid of claim 12 , wherein the kinematic viscosity of the nanofluid is 1-13% greater than the base fluid alone at temperatures ranging from 25-65° C.

14. A method of increasing the specific heat capacity and heat transfer of water, comprising:
mixing the nanofluid of claim 1 with the water, wherein the solid nanocomposite particles comprise 0.5-13% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight based on the total weight of the solid nanocomposite particles and wherein the nanofluid comprises 0.005-0.15% of the solid nanocomposite particles by weight based on the total weight of the nanofluid.

15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particles comprise 0.5-3% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight based on the total weight of the solid nanocomposite particles and wherein the nanofluid comprises 0.05-0.15% of the solid nanocomposite particles by weight based on the total weight of the nanofluid, and the mixing increases the specific heat capacity of the water 10-35% at 35° C.

16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particles comprise 7-13% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight based on the total weight of the solid nanocomposite particles and wherein the nanofluid comprises 0.05-0.15% of the solid nanocomposite particles by weight based on the total weight of the nanofluid, and the mixing increases the specific heat capacity of the water 30-53% at 35° C.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particles comprise 0.5-3% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight based on the total weight of the solid nanocomposite particles and wherein the nanofluid comprises 0.05-0.15% of the solid nanocomposite particles by weight based on the total weight of the nanofluid, and the mixing increases the heat transfer of the water 20-46% at 35° C.

18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the solid nanocomposite particles comprise 7-13% metal oxide nanoparticles by weight based on the total weight of the solid nanocomposite particles and wherein the nanofluid comprises 0.05-0.15% of the solid nanocomposite particles by weight based on the total weight of the nanofluid, and the mixing increases the heat transfer of the water 40-70% at 35° C.

19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the mixing does not cause a pressure drop of the water.

Assignees

• Univ King Fahd Pet & Minerals

Inventors

• Atieh Muataz Ali
• Manasrah Abdallah Darweesh
• Al-Mubaiyedh Usamah Ahmad
• Laoui Tahar
• Ben-Mansour Rached

Classifications

• C09K5/10 Primary

  Liquid materials · CPC title

• F28F2255/20

  with nanostructures · CPC title

• F28F23/00

  Features relating to the use of intermediate heat-exchange materials, e.g. selection of compositions (heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials C09K5/00) · CPC title